The political handling of Venezuelan forced migration in Ecuador has evolved since 2017. This article distinguishes three stages in this evolution. First, from 2017 to mid-2018, Ecuadorian authorities treated Venezuelan entries as those of other South American citizens. Second, from mid-2018 to mid-2019, the Venezuelan exodus was managed as a humanitarian crisis. In the third phase, since mid-2019, authorities imposed restrictive measures, including a mandatory entry visa. The article further identifies the drivers that have motivated these changes in the reception of Venezuelan migrants, that is the political, social and economic factors that directly or indirectly effected migration management. These factors include both changing foreign policy interests and adjustments in domestic policy. The latter was influenced by strained state capacities and negative trends in public opinion against the backdrop of increasing numbers of Venezuelan migrants and highly mediatized crimes. The article also discusses related literature and provides policy recommendations.

中文翻译：

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在自由立法和预防性政治实践之间：厄瓜多尔对委内瑞拉强迫移民的政治反应

自 2017 年以来，厄瓜多尔对委内瑞拉强迫移民的政治处理发生了演变。本文区分了这一演变的三个阶段。首先，从 2017 年到 2018 年年中，厄瓜多尔当局将委内瑞拉入境视为其他南美公民的入境。其次，从 2018 年年中到 2019 年年中，委内瑞拉人的外流被视为一场人道主义危机。在第三阶段，自 2019 年年中以来，当局实施了限制性措施，包括强制入境签证。文章进一步确定了推动委内瑞拉移民接受这些变化的驱动因素，即直接或间接影响移民管理的政治、社会和经济因素。这些因素既包括外交政策利益的变化，也包括国内政策的调整。后者受到国家能力紧张和在委内瑞拉移民人数增加和高度中介犯罪的背景下舆论的负面趋势的影响。文章还讨论了相关文献并提供了政策建议。