The short-term response of humpback whales to boat approach and remote biopsy sampling was investigated in a breeding ground according to age-class, sex, female reproductive status, social context, sampling system, habitat, and repeated sampling with more than 20 years of data. In a total of 2,248 observed behavioral responses to biopsy sampling, 58.7% showed no response, 40.7% were considered to be weak or moderate responses, and only 0.5% were considered to be strong. No significant difference was found between the response of calves (young-of-the-year) and that of adults, whereas juveniles responded significantly more strenuously. The response of adult whales was influenced by sex, female reproductive status, and social context. Mothers showed the most frequent response to the boat approach, but the weakest response to the biopsy sampling itself, whereas nonlactating females had the strongest response to biopsy sampling. Males responded less when sampled within a competitive group. Repeated sampling of individual adults resulted in decreasing intensity of responses across years. This comprehensive assessment has implications for management authorities, notably in approving research permits for sampling different age classes on breeding grounds.

中文翻译：

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座头鲸对繁殖地活检取样的行为反应：年龄等级、生殖状况、社会背景和重复取样的影响

根据年龄等级、性别、雌性生殖状况、社会背景、采样系统、栖息地和超过 20 年的重复采样，研究了座头鲸对乘船进近和远程活检采样的短期反应。数据。在总共 2,248 个观察到的活检取样行为反应中，58.7% 没有反应，40.7% 被认为是弱或中度反应，只有 0.5% 被认为是强反应。小牛（年幼的）和成年人的反应之间没有发现显着差异，而幼年的反应明显更强烈。成年鲸鱼的反应受性别、雌性生殖状况和社会背景的影响。母亲对船的接近表现出最频繁的反应，但对活检取样本身的反应最弱，而非哺乳期的女性对活检取样的反应最强。在竞争群体中抽样时，男性的反应较少。对个别成年人的重复抽样导致多年来的反应强度降低。这种综合评估对管理当局有影响，特别是在批准在繁殖地对不同年龄等级进行抽样的研究许可方面。