Abstract

The nanocomposite of magnetic graphene oxide cross-linked with carboxymethyl cellulose (GO-CMC-Fe) was synthesized using a facile, economical, and environment friendly approach. The highly stable sponge-like porous structure and chemical functionalities of the GO-CMC-Fe nanocomposite were demonstrated using UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The adsorption properties of the GO-CMC-Fe together with GO, GO-CMC, and GO-Fe in terms of atrazine removal were examined in batch mode as a function of various removal parameters. The equilibrium statistics of the adsorption process were defined by the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum removal capacities of 126, 142, 158, and 194 mg/g for GO, GO-Fe, GO-CMC, and GO-CMC-Fe, respectively. The rapid adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model due to greater R² values (>0.997) than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and considered the chemisorption adsorption process and rate limiting step. On the other hand, spontaneity, endothermic nature, and increased randomness during the adsorption process were confirmed by the negative values of Gibbs free energy and positive values of enthalpy and entropy, respectively. The cost for the immobilization of atrazine from aqueous solution would range between $20–$50 per million liters, which is much more cost-effective than earlier reported techniques. In conclusion, the GO-CMC-Fe nanocomposite showed great potential to remove atrazine from aqueous solution to manage wastewater pollution.

摘要

使用简便、经济且环境友好的方法合成了与羧甲基纤维素交联的磁性氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料 (GO-CMC-Fe)。使用紫外-可见光谱、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)、能量色散 X 射线 (EDX) 证明了 GO-CMC-Fe 纳米复合材料的高度稳定的海绵状多孔结构和化学功能和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 分析。GO-CMC-Fe 与 GO、GO-CMC 和 GO-Fe 在莠去津去除方面的吸附特性以分批模式作为各种去除参数的函数进行了检查。吸附过程的平衡统计由 Langmuir 等温线模型定义，对 GO、GO-Fe、GO-CMC 和 GO-CMC-Fe。由于较大的吸附量，快速吸附过程遵循准二级动力学模型。R ²值(>0.997) 比拟一级动力学模型并考虑了化学吸附吸附过程和限速步骤。另一方面，吉布斯自由能的负值和焓和熵的正值分别证实了吸附过程中的自发性、吸热性和随机性的增加。从水溶液中固定阿特拉津的成本在每百万升 20-50 美元之间，这比早期报道的技术更具成本效益。总之，GO-CMC-Fe 纳米复合材料显示出从水溶液中去除莠去津以控制废水污染的巨大潜力。