Plant disease administration is difficult due to the soil-borne nature of the phytopathogens. Biological control of plant disease is a safe mode to avoid the problems related to fungal diseases that affect crops productivity. Twenty-three Trichoderma isolates were isolated from soil, surrounding healthy tomato roots from different regions in the Egyptian Governorate of Menoufia. Using a dual culture method to test the efficiency of Trichoderma isolates, the most effective isolate identified as Trichoderma atrovirde with percentage inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (92.11%) and scanning electron microscope examination documented the mycoparasitic nature of T. atrovirde to F. oxysporum. Treatments with 10% filtrate T. atrovirde improved the growth aspects of tomato plants than the control plants or infected only, as well as the increase in phenol content (15.09 ug. g-1dry weight) and decreased disease incidence percentage (8%) than the plants infected only (60%). This study clearly demonstrated that T. atrovirde had a significant inhibition against F. oxysporum. Greenhouse assays displayed the protective role of T. atrovirde inoculation directly against pathogen or indirectly related to the defense mechanism in the plant. So, this study recommends using T. atrovirde for biological control of wilt disease in tomato plants.

中文翻译：

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埃及木霉分离株的寄生特性及其对抑制番茄枯萎病的影响

由于植物病原体的土壤传播性质，植物病害管理很困难。植物病害生物防治是避免真菌病害影响作物产量的安全模式。从埃及梅诺菲亚省不同地区的健康番茄根周围的土壤中分离出 23 株木霉分离株。使用双重培养方法测试木霉分离株的效率，最有效的分离株被鉴定为木霉属 atrovirde，对尖孢镰刀菌 f 的抑制百分比。sp. lycopersici (92.11%) 和扫描电子显微镜检查记录了 T. atrovirde 对 F. oxysporum 的真菌寄生性质。用 10% 滤液 T. atrovirde 处理比对照植物或仅感染的番茄植物改善了生长方面，以及苯酚含量的增加（15.09 ug. g-1 干重）和发病率的降低（8%）比仅感染的植物（60%）。该研究清楚地表明，T. atrovirde 对尖孢镰刀菌具有显着的抑制作用。温室试验显示了 T. atrovirde 接种直接对抗病原体或与植物防御机制间接相关的保护作用。因此，本研究建议使用 T. atrovirde 对番茄植物的枯萎病进行生物防治。atrovirde 接种直接对抗病原体或与植物中的防御机制间接相关。因此，本研究建议使用 T. atrovirde 对番茄植物的枯萎病进行生物防治。atrovirde 接种直接对抗病原体或与植物中的防御机制间接相关。因此，本研究建议使用 T. atrovirde 对番茄植物的枯萎病进行生物防治。