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Fighting Insurgency, Ruining the Environment: the Case of Forest Fires in the Dersim Province of Turkey
Human Ecology ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s10745-021-00243-y
Pinar Dinc 1 , Lina Eklund 1 , Aiman Shahpurwala 2 , Ali Mansourian 3 , Augustus Aturinde 3, 4 , Petter Pilesjö 3
Affiliation  

Environmental destruction has long been used as a military strategy in times of conflict. A long-term example of environmental destruction in a conflict zone can be found in Dersim/Tunceli province, located in Eastern Turkey. In the last century, at least two military operations negatively impacted Dersim’s population and environment: 1937–38 and 1993–94. Both conflict and environmental destruction in the region continued after the 1990s. Particularly after July 2015, when the brief peace process that began in 2013 ended, conflict between the Turkish state and the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) resumed and questions arose about the cause of forest fires in Dersim. In this research we investigate whether there is a relationship between conflict and forest fires in Dersim. This is denied by the Turkish state but asserted by many Dersim residents, civil society groups, and political parties. We use a multi-disciplinary approach, combining methods of qualitative analysis of print media (newspapers), social media (Twitter), and local accounts, together with quantitative methods: remote sensing and spatial analysis. Interdisciplinary analysis combining quantitative datasets with in-depth, qualitative data allows a better understanding of the role of conflict in potentially exacerbating the frequency and severity of forest fires. Although we cannot determine the cause of the fires, the results of our statistical analysis suggest a significant relationship between fires and conflict in Dersim, indicating that the incidence of conflicts is generally correlated with the number of fires.



中文翻译:

打击叛乱,破坏环境:土耳其德尔西姆省森林火灾案例

长期以来,环境破坏一直被用作冲突时期的军事战略。在土耳其东部的德尔西姆/通切利省,可以找到冲突地区环境破坏的长期例子。在上个世纪,至少有两次军事行动对 Dersim 的人口和环境产生了负面影响:1937-38 年和 1993-94 年。1990 年代之后,该地区的冲突和环境破坏仍在继续。尤其是在 2015 年 7 月之后,当 2013 年开始的短暂和平进程结束时,土耳其国家与库尔德工人党 (PKK) 之间的冲突重新开始,有关德尔西姆森林火灾原因的问题出现了。在这项研究中,我们调查了 Dersim 的冲突与森林火灾之间是否存在关系。土耳其政府否认了这一点,但许多德尔西姆居民断言,民间社会团体和政党。我们使用多学科方法,将印刷媒体(报纸)、社交媒体(Twitter)和本地帐户的定性分析方法与定量方法相结合:遥感和空间分析。将定量数据集与深入的定性数据相结合的跨学科分析可以更好地了解冲突在可能加剧森林火灾的频率和严重性方面的作用。虽然我们无法确定火灾的原因,但我们的统计分析结果表明,德西姆的火灾与冲突之间存在显着关系,表明冲突的发生率通常与火灾数量相关。将印刷媒体(报纸)、社交媒体(Twitter)和本地账户的定性分析方法与定量方法相结合:遥感和空间分析。将定量数据集与深入的定性数据相结合的跨学科分析可以更好地了解冲突在可能加剧森林火灾的频率和严重性方面的作用。虽然我们无法确定火灾的原因,但我们的统计分析结果表明,德西姆的火灾与冲突之间存在显着关系,表明冲突的发生率通常与火灾数量相关。将印刷媒体(报纸)、社交媒体(Twitter)和本地账户的定性分析方法与定量方法相结合:遥感和空间分析。将定量数据集与深入的定性数据相结合的跨学科分析可以更好地了解冲突在可能加剧森林火灾的频率和严重性方面的作用。虽然我们无法确定火灾的原因,但我们的统计分析结果表明,德西姆的火灾与冲突之间存在显着关系,表明冲突的发生率通常与火灾数量相关。将定量数据集与深入的定性数据相结合的跨学科分析可以更好地了解冲突在可能加剧森林火灾的频率和严重性方面的作用。虽然我们无法确定火灾的原因,但我们的统计分析结果表明,德西姆的火灾与冲突之间存在显着关系,表明冲突的发生率通常与火灾数量相关。将定量数据集与深入的定性数据相结合的跨学科分析可以更好地了解冲突在可能加剧森林火灾的频率和严重性方面的作用。虽然我们无法确定火灾的原因,但我们的统计分析结果表明,德西姆的火灾与冲突之间存在显着关系,表明冲突的发生率通常与火灾数量相关。

更新日期:2021-07-12
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