• High-quality large-area SnO₂ films are fabricated by chemical bath deposition with the addition of KMnO₄.

• The presence of K and Mn ions can improve both the crystallinity and the phase stability of perovskites and reduce hysteresis of devices simultaneously.

• Perovskite solar modules (22.4 and 91.8 cm²) are demonstrated with active area efficiencies of 17.26% and 13.72%, respectively, and the 22.4 cm² perovskite solar module exhibits a T₈₀ operation lifetime exceeding 1000 h in ambient condition.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能钙钛矿太阳能模块的具有多功能接口的 SnO2 的可扩展制造

• _{通过添加KMnO 4}的化学浴沉积制备高质量的大面积SnO ₂薄膜。

• K和Mn离子的存在可以提高钙钛矿的结晶度和相稳定性，同时降低器件的滞后。

• 钙钛矿太阳能组件（22.4 和 91.8 cm ²）的有效面积效率分别为 17.26% 和 13.72%，22.4 cm ² 钙钛矿太阳能组件在环境条件下的T _{80工作寿命超过 1000 小时。}