The inflammation-resolving and insulin-sensitizing properties of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids have potential to augment effects of weight loss on breast cancer risk. In a feasibility study, 46 peri/postmenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer with a body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m2 or greater were randomized to 3.25 g/day combined EPA and DHA (ω-3-FA) or placebo concomitantly with initiation of a weight-loss intervention. Forty-five women started the intervention. Study discontinuation for women randomized to ω-3-FA and initiating the weight-loss intervention was 9% at 6 months and thus satisfied our main endpoint, which was feasibility. Between baseline and 6 months significant change ( P < 0.05 ) was observed in 12 of 25 serum metabolic markers associated with breast cancer risk for women randomized to ω-3-FA, but only four for those randomized to placebo. Weight loss (median of 10% for trial initiators and 12% for the 42 completing 6 months) had a significant impact on biomarker modulation. Median loss was similar for placebo (−11%) and ω-3-FA (−13%). No significant change between ω-3-FA and placebo was observed for individual biomarkers, likely due to sample size and effect of weight loss. Women randomized to ω-3-FA exhibiting more than 10% weight loss at 6 months showed greatest biomarker improvement including 6- and 12-month serum adiponectin, insulin, omentin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), and 12-month tissue adiponectin. Given the importance of a favorable adipokine profile in countering the prooncogenic effects of obesity, further evaluation of high-dose ω-3-FA during a weight-loss intervention in obese high-risk women should be considered. Prevention Relevance: This study examines biomarkers of response that may be modulated by omega-3 fatty acids when combined with a weight-loss intervention. While focused on obese, postmenopausal women at high risk for development of breast cancer, the findings are applicable to other cancers studied in clinical prevention trials.

中文翻译：

---

接受减肥干预的女性血液和良性乳腺生物标志物的变化随机分配至高剂量 {omega}-3 脂肪酸与安慰剂

二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 脂肪酸的消炎和胰岛素增敏特性有可能增加减肥对乳腺癌风险的影响。在一项可行性研究中，46 名体重指数 (BMI) 为 28 kg/m2 或更高的围绝经期/绝经后乳腺癌风险增加的女性随机接受 3.25 克/天的 EPA 和 DHA (ω-3-FA) 组合或安慰剂伴随着减肥干预的开始。45 名妇女开始了干预。随机分配至 ω-3-FA 并开始减肥干预的女性在 6 个月时停止研究的比例为 9%，因此满足了我们的主要终点，即可行性。在基线和 6 个月之间发生显着变化 ( P < 0. 05) 在 25 种与乳腺癌风险相关的血清代谢标志物中有 12 种被随机分配到 ω-3-FA，但只有四种被随机分配到安慰剂。体重减轻（试验发起者的中位数为 10%，完成 6 个月的 42 人的中位数为 12%）对生物标志物调制有显着影响。安慰剂 (-11%) 和 ω-3-FA (-13%) 的中值损失相似。对于个体生物标志物，ω-3-FA 和安慰剂之间未观察到显着变化，这可能是由于样本量和体重减轻的影响。随机分配到 ω-3-FA 的女性在 6 个月时体重减轻超过 10%，其生物标志物改善最大，包括 6 个月和 12 个月的血清脂联素、胰岛素、omentin 和 C 反应蛋白 (CRP)，以及 12 个月的组织脂联素。鉴于有利的脂肪因子谱在对抗肥胖的促癌作用方面的重要性，应考虑在肥胖高危女性减肥干预期间进一步评估高剂量 ω-3-FA。预防相关性：这项研究检查了与减肥干预相结合时可能由 omega-3 脂肪酸调节的反应生物标志物。虽然重点关注患乳腺癌的高风险肥胖绝经后妇女，但研究结果也适用于临床预防试验中研究的其他癌症。