Background

An extensive body of recent research has focused on the contribution of cognitive functioning to eating behaviors. In binge eating disorder (BED) and food addiction (FA), the extent of cognitive impairment is still unclear. This study aimed to characterize, among those with BED and FA, neurocognitive functions using performances based on neuropsychological tasks in the context of neutral stimuli in adults.

Method

MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and gray literature (ProQuest and OpenGrey) were used to identify studies that reported neurocognitive assessments in BED or FA up to December 2019. A three-level meta-analysis was conducted.

Results

A significant overall effect was found for global cognitive impairments, suggesting that individuals with BED or FA have poorer performances when completing cognitive tasks. Analyses for specific cognitive domains revealed that individuals with BED showed poorer performances at tasks assessing cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, attention and planning. Analyses regarding FA were inconclusive due to a lack of studies. Thus, the results were described qualitatively.

Conclusion

Our meta-analysis highlighted the cognitive weaknesses that seem to come with BED and the necessity to integrate them in the assessment and treatment of this condition. It also stressed the lack of quality studies surrounding the cognitive features of FA.

中文翻译：

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暴食症和食物成瘾的认知功能：系统评价和三级荟萃分析

背景

最近的大量研究集中在认知功能对饮食行为的贡献上。在暴食症 (BED) 和食物成瘾 (FA) 中，认知障碍的程度仍不清楚。本研究旨在使用基于成人中性刺激背景下的神经心理学任务的表现来表征患有 BED 和 FA 的人的神经认知功能。

方法

使用 MEDLINE、Embase、PsycINFO、Cochrane 系统评价数据库、CINAHL 和灰色文献（ProQuest 和 OpenGrey）来确定截至 2019 年 12 月报告 BED 或 FA 神经认知评估的研究。进行了三级荟萃分析。

结果

发现整体认知障碍具有显着的总体影响，这表明患有 BED 或 FA 的个体在完成认知任务时表现较差。对特定认知领域的分析表明，患有 BED 的人在评估认知灵活性、抑制控制、注意力和计划的任务中表现较差。由于缺乏研究，有关 FA 的分析尚无定论。因此，定性地描述了结果。

结论

我们的荟萃分析强调了 BED 似乎带来的认知弱点以及将它们整合到这种情况的评估和治疗中的必要性。它还强调缺乏围绕 FA 认知特征的质量研究。