The economic value of medicinal and aromatic plants as well as other bioresources have been exploited for centuries, more recently on an industrial scale, and their impact on human health indicates an ever-increasing demand on medicinal bioresources and will continue to do so in the foreseeable future. The industrial production of medicinal ingredients from such bioresources not only endangering the biodiversity of indigenous cultures, as well as dramatic impact of climate change on the sustainability of these bioeconomy resources, it also generates an economic imbalance: the added value of these resources to the countries of origin are still negligible. In this review we will discuss different strategies for combatting these issues, including sustainable management of commercial gathering of these biological resources, alternative cultivation strategies and sustainable circular economy approaches, while protecting biodiversity of the planet in the face of an upcoming climate challenge.

药用植物和芳香植物以及其他生物资源的经济价值已经开发了几个世纪，最近以工业规模开发，它们对人类健康的影响表明对药用生物资源的需求不断增加，并将在可预见的时间内继续增长未来。来自这些生物资源的药用成分的工业生产不仅危及土著文化的生物多样性，以及气候变化对这些生物经济资源的可持续性的巨大影响，还造成了经济失衡：这些资源对国家的附加值原产地仍然可以忽略不计。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论解决这些问题的不同策略，包括对这些生物资源的商业采集的可持续管理，