Five isonitrogenous (30% crude protein) diets were formulated to contain two forms of selenium (Se): convention Se named Bulk-Se or Se nanoparticles (Nano-Se), both forms of Se supplemented at two levels 0.4 and 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ diet compared to the control diet without addition for a period of 84 days. Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fingerlings (5.0 ± 0.2 g) fed tested diets in triplicates at a rate of 5% of their total biomass three times a day for 84 days. The results showed that the best growth performance and amylase and lipase enzymes activity (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in fish fed 0.4 or 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se diet. In anterior intestine, fish fed 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se recorded the highest level (p ≤ 0.05) of villi height and width and goblet cell number. The highest values mucosal-to-serosal amplification ratio (MSR) and absorption area of villous were recorded in fish fed 0.4 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se. Fish fed 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se recorded the highest value (p ≤ 0.05) of villi height, villi width, MSR and crypt thickness, while fish fed the control diet recorded the lowest level one in posterior intestine. In addition, fish fed 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se noted the best values of haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells and white blood cell count. Alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were lower, while total serum protein, albumin and globulin contents were significantly higher in fish fed diet contained 0.4 or 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se compared to Bulk-Se and control diet. The highest significant values of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase activity accompanied with the lowest MDA value recorded of fish fed diet supplemented with 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ Nano-Se. The results indicated that the inclusion of Nano-Se at 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ was the recommended source and level of Se to improve performance, efficiency of nutrient, digestive enzyme activity and absorption surface of intestine, haemato-biochemical parameters and oxidative stress responses of Nile tilapia compared with other treatments.

中文翻译：

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Nanoselenium 与作为膳食补充剂的散装硒：对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus，1758）鱼种生长、饲料效率、肠道组织学、血液生化和氧化应激生物标志物的影响

五种等氮（30% 粗蛋白）饮食被配制为含有两种形式的硒 (Se)：常规硒命名为 Bulk-Se 或 Se 纳米颗粒 (Nano-Se)，两种形式的硒均以 0.4 和 0.8 mg kg 两种水平补充^{- 1}日粮与未添加的对照日粮相比，持续 84 天。尼罗罗非鱼、Oreochromis niloticus、鱼种 (5.0 ± 0.2 g) 以它们总生物量的 5% 的比例一式三份饲喂测试日粮，每天 3 次，持续 84 天。结果表明， 在饲喂 0.4 或 0.8 mg kg ^-1纳米硒饲料的鱼中观察到最佳的生长性能和淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性（p ≤ 0.05）。在前肠中，喂食 0.8 mg kg ^-1 Nano-Se 的鱼记录了最高水平（p  ≤ 0.05) 的绒毛高度和宽度以及杯状细胞数。在喂食 0.4 mg kg ^-1 Nano-Se 的鱼中记录了最高值的粘膜对浆膜扩增比 (MSR) 和绒毛吸收面积。喂食 0.8 mg kg ^-1 Nano-Se 的鱼记录了 绒毛高度、绒毛宽度、MSR 和隐窝厚度的最高值 ( p ≤ 0.05)，而喂食对照饮食的鱼记录了后肠的最低水平。此外，喂食 0.8 mg kg ^-1 Nano-Se 的鱼注意到血红蛋白、血细胞比容、红细胞和白细胞计数的最佳值。丙氨酸和天冬氨酸转氨酶较低，而总血清蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量在含有 0.4 或 0.8 mg kg 的鱼饲料中显着较高⁻¹ Nano-Se 与 Bulk-Se 和对照饮食相比。超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性的最高显着值伴随记录的添加0.8 mg kg ^-1 Nano-Se的鱼饲喂饲料的最低MDA值。结果表明，包含 0.8 mg kg ^-1的纳米硒是推荐的硒来源和水平，以提高性能、营养效率、消化酶活性和肠道吸收表面、血液生化参数和氧化应激反应。尼罗罗非鱼与其他处理方法的比较。