Abstract. A hydrothermal method was used to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) with different exposure faces. Only when the ratio of OH − / Zn2 + is 2/1, ZnO with different morphologies and exposure faces can be obtained by controlling the amount of the polyvinylpyrrolidone as a capping agent. Five samples with representative morphology and wurtzite crystal structure were selected from 28 different synthesis conditions. Their optical, surface charged, and photocatalytical properties are closely related to the exposed faces. The ultraviolet fluorescence emission is related to the nonpolar faces in the low index exposure face. All samples are n-type semiconductors and oxygen element is lacking compared to Zn. There is a great possibility that the oxygen vacancy is the oxygen defect that causes the visible fluorescence emission of the nanosheet. Samples are all positive-charged on the surface. The surface charge is not only related to the particle size but also directly affected by the polarity of exposed face and the missing atoms of the sample. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO with nanocolumn morphology is the best, due to high exposure ratio of the polar faces, maximum positive charge, and moderate particle size.

中文翻译：

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不同曝光面ZnO的光学、表面电荷态和光催化研究

摘要。采用水热法合成不同暴露面的氧化锌（ZnO）。只有当OH - / Zn2 + 比为2/1时，通过控制聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为封端剂的用量，才能得到不同形貌和暴露面的ZnO。从 28 种不同的合成条件中选择了五个具有代表性形貌和纤锌矿晶体结构的样品。它们的光学、表面带电和光催化特性与暴露面密切相关。紫外荧光发射与低指数曝光面中的非极性面有关。所有样品都是 n 型半导体，与 Zn 相比，缺少氧元素。氧空位很可能是导致纳米片可见荧光发射的氧缺陷。样品表面都带正电。表面电荷不仅与粒径有关，还直接受暴露面极性和样品缺失原子的影响。由于极性面的高暴露率、最大的正电荷和适中的粒径，具有纳米柱形貌的 ZnO 的光催化活性是最好的。