A novel model of the hybrid converter consisting of a thermionic generator with a graphene-based anode and a photovoltaic cell is proposed. The power output densities and efficiencies of two single subsystems and the hybrid converter are derived. The effects of the emitter temperature, voltage outputs, and band gap energy on the performance of the hybrid converter are analyzed. The optimally operating bounds of several critical parameters including the power output density, efficiency, and voltage outputs of the hybrid converter are determined. It is found that in the optimally working region, the performance of the hybrid converter with a graphene-based anode is obviously better than that with a metallic anode. It is also found that in a certain temperature range, the maximum efficiency and power output density of the hybrid converter significantly exceed those of the thermionic generator or photovoltaic cell.

中文翻译：

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更新的热离子-光伏转换器的性能改进和参数化设计策略

提出了一种新型混合转换器模型，该模型由带有石墨烯基阳极的热离子发生器和光伏电池组成。导出了两个单独子系统和混合转换器的功率输出密度和效率。分析了发射极温度、电压输出和带隙能量对混合转换器性能的影响。确定了包括混合转换器的功率输出密度、效率和电压输出在内的几个关键参数的最佳运行范围。发现在最佳工作区域，石墨烯基阳极混合转换器的性能明显优于金属阳极。还发现，在一定的温度范围内，