This article adopts a long-term historical perspective to explicate the emergence and significance of critical regionalism as the most celebrated moment of Greek architecture in the history of twentieth-century modernism. It argues that Greek architectural historiography echoes the double bind that conditions the centuries-long relationship between Europe and modern Greece. This bind supports a dual self-image of Greece as the founding classical centre of modern Europe, and as a peripheral site whose endeavours are only validated by their adherence to modern European developments. Starting from Western Europe, the article explores the intertwined historical construction of the margin/centre duality from the seventeenth to the twentieth century, and from geopolitics to architectural historiography. It argues that it was local architects’ adoption of this dual margin/centre vision that historically led to the development of critical regionalism. Critical regionalism has been criticised as a colonialist discourse that actively marginalises the regions it addresses. But in the Greek case it also restored the already marginalised modern architectural production of the country. A close reading of Alexander Tzonis and Liane Lefaivre’s first theorisation of critical regionalism and its eventual recuperation by Kenneth Frampton shows how a discourse that allegedly promoted the focused return to the region ignored local nuances to answer only to the Western European and North American architectural concerns of the time. As such, critical regionalism remains an unfulfilled project. No longer viewed as a manifesto for a humanistic architecture of the future, it can now develop as a historiographical agenda for the twenty-first century, moving beyond existing dualities of modern margins and classical centres.

中文翻译：

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希腊，古典中心的现代边缘：作为史学的批判性地域主义的七点

本文采用长期的历史视角来阐释批判性地域主义作为 20 世纪现代主义历史上希腊建筑最著名的时刻的出现及其意义。它认为，希腊建筑史学呼应了欧洲与现代希腊之间长达数百年的关系的双重约束。这种束缚支持了希腊作为现代欧洲的创始古典中心和外围站点的双重自我形象，其努力仅通过他们对现代欧洲发展的坚持而得到证实。文章从西欧出发，探讨了从 17 世纪到 20 世纪，从地缘政治到建筑史学的边缘/中心二元性交织的历史建构。它认为，正是当地建筑师对这种双重边缘/中心愿景的采用，在历史上导致了批判性区域主义的发展。批判的区域主义被批评为一种殖民主义话语，它积极地边缘化它所涉及的地区。但在希腊的情况下，它也恢复了该国已经被边缘化的现代建筑生产。仔细阅读 Alexander Tzonis 和 Liane Lefaivre 对批判性区域主义的第一个理论及其最终由肯尼斯弗兰普顿 (Kenneth Frampton) 进行的恢复表明，据称促进重点回归该地区的话语如何忽视当地的细微差别，只回答西欧和北美的建筑问题时间。因此，批判性区域主义仍然是一个未完成的项目。