Inspired by open-source and crowd sourcing technologies, the concept of ‘open-source architecture’ has been increasingly used to describe collaborative architectural design (CoDesign) in recent years. In this article, we aim to show that major related issues remain unresolved. As such, they limit the wider adaptation of open-source methods to the world of architecture. We focus on the following issues: first, architectural theorists have not addressed the meaningful limitations and possibilities of these methods in architecture, including the ramifications of sharing knowledge with end users; second, professional architects already share ideas through existing networks that resemble open-source models; third, projects that have aspired to democratise design processes in the recent past have encountered difficulties in sharing tacit professional knowledge with non-professional users; finally, existing open-source licences exclude professional liability which is the bedrock of relations between the architect, their clients, and regulatory authorities in architecture. To arrive at open-source architecture, we argue that these issues need to be further investigated and resolved. The article concludes with reflections on the exchange of knowledge and ideas between professionals and non-professionals, architects and users, and how this can be simplified by using crowd-sourcing technologies.

中文翻译：

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开源架构和知识产权、隐性知识和责任问题

受开源和众包技术的启发，“开源架构”的概念近年来越来越多地用于描述协作架构设计 (CoDesign)。在本文中，我们旨在表明主要的相关问题仍未解决。因此，它们限制了开源方法对建筑世界的更广泛适应性。我们关注以下问题：首先，架构理论家没有解决这些方法在架构中的有意义的局限性和可能性，包括与最终用户共享知识的后果；其次，专业架构师已经通过类似于开源模型的现有网络分享想法；第三，最近渴望实现设计过程民主化的项目在与非专业用户分享隐性专业知识方面遇到了困难；最后，现有的开源许可证排除了专业责任，这是建筑师、他们的客户和建筑监管机构之间关系的基石。为了实现开源架构，我们认为需要进一步调查和解决这些问题。文章最后反思了专业人士和非专业人士、建筑师和用户之间的知识和思想交流，以及如何通过使用众包技术来简化这种交流。他们的客户，以及建筑领域的监管机构。为了实现开源架构，我们认为需要进一步调查和解决这些问题。文章最后反思了专业人士和非专业人士、建筑师和用户之间的知识和思想交流，以及如何通过使用众包技术来简化这种交流。他们的客户，以及建筑领域的监管机构。为了实现开源架构，我们认为需要进一步调查和解决这些问题。文章最后反思了专业人士和非专业人士、建筑师和用户之间的知识和思想交流，以及如何通过使用众包技术来简化这种交流。