Abstract:A substantial literature argues that the legalization of the birth control pill in the United States reduced fertility and enhanced career investments. This study questions whether the broader effects hold across contexts. We use administrative data to study the Norwegian legalization of the pill and find effects on teenage motherhood but not on subsequent career outcomes. Using survey data, we show that the pill's impact on fertility is largest for women with an early sexual debut; nevertheless, broader effects of pill usage are still absent. Our study indicates that the pill cannot explain the rise of Norwegian women's economic empowerment.

中文翻译：

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“奇迹药片也许”：避孕药合法化与妇女生育和职业决定

摘要：大量文献认为，美国避孕药合法化降低了生育率并增加了职业投资。这项研究质疑更广泛的影响是否在不同背景下成立。我们使用行政数据来研究挪威对避孕药的合法化，并发现对青少年母亲的影响，但对随后的职业成果没有影响。我们使用调查数据表明，避孕药对性行为较早的女性的生育能力影响最大；尽管如此，仍不存在服用避孕药的更广泛影响。我们的研究表明，避孕药无法解释挪威女性经济赋权的兴起。