This paper presents a methodology to schedule the charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in order to maintain the loading of distribution transformer under the nameplate load while reducing charging costs. Brazilian consumption characteristics, mobility pattern and tariff structure are considered to design an optimization algorithm. While the demand of dwellings are estimated from typical load curves of a distribution utility located in the South of Brazil, the demand of EVs are estimated from mobility survey data. Adopting the current Brazilian tariff structure, coefficients of the objective function are formulated in order to schedule the charging of EVs to satisfy the following goals: limit the power demand requested to the distribution transformer, cope the demand of EVs with lower demand of dwellings and reduce the charging costs. The results shows that, in addition to prevent the overloading of distribution transformer, the charging only occurs in periods of higher tariff when necessary, whereas most of it occurs during late night and early morning, corresponding to cost reduction by purchasing energy during lower tariff prices

中文翻译：

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巴西环境下电动汽车的住宅充电调度

本文提出了一种调度电动汽车 (EV) 充电的方法，以在铭牌负载下保持配电变压器的负载，同时降低充电成本。考虑巴西的消费特征、流动性模式和关税结构来设计优化算法。虽然住宅需求是根据位于巴西南部的配电公司的典型负载曲线估算的，但电动汽车的需求是根据移动性调查数据估算的。采用巴西现行的电价结构，制定目标函数的系数，以调度电动汽车的充电以满足以下目标：限制对配电变压器的电力需求，应对住宅需求较低的电动汽车的需求，减少电动汽车的需求。充电成本。