This paper presents the losses, maintenance and variation of the turbine flow in the hydroelectric plants for the generation of reactive energy, in the condition of synchronous generator or synchronous compensator. The study was carried out in the Brazilian Electrical System, which has continental dimensions with long transmission lines, regions with concentrated loads and its profile varies in the levels of: light, medium and heavy, requiring control of the voltage and loading. The remuneration for the generation of reactive energy by synchronous generators was detailed in accordance with current legislation. As an application example, two hydroelectric plants were analyzed, which normally generate reactive energy for the electrical system. The first is the Henry Borden Hydroelectric Power Plant, located within a large consumer center in the metropolitan region of the City of Sao Paulo, which due to systemic needs; its generating units generate reactive energy. The other is the Pedreira Pumping Plant, which has pumping units powered by synchronous machines connected to the electrical system through 88 kV transmission lines. The result of the study identifies the losses and the increase in turbine flow required for the provision of reactive power generation by synchronous generators, and can serve as a reference for future planning and decision-making studies in different electricity markets.

中文翻译：

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巴西电力系统中通过同步发电机提供无功发电的涡轮流量分析


本文介绍了在同步发电机或同步补偿器条件下用于产生无功电能的水力发电厂中涡轮机流量的损失、维护和变化。这项研究是在巴西电力系统中进行的，该系统具有大陆性规模、输电线路长、负载集中的区域，其概况有轻、中、重程度不同，需要控制电压和负载。同步发电机产生无功电能的报酬根据现行立法进行了详细规定。作为一个应用示例，我们分析了两个水力发电厂，它们通常为电力系统产生无功电能。第一个是亨利博登水力发电厂，位于圣保罗市大都市区的一个大型消费中心内，由于系统需求；其发电机组产生无功电能。另一个是佩德雷拉抽水厂，其抽油机由同步电机供电，通过 88 kV 输电线路连接到电气系统。研究结果确定了同步发电机提供无功发电所需的损失和涡轮流量增加量，可为未来不同电力市场的规划和决策研究提供参考。