Porous metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (PMS-SOFCs) demonstrate potential to dramatically reduce their costs while simultaneously enhancing the durability of SOFCs. However, owing to the unsatisfactory performance improvement of PMS-SOFCs at low temperatures and available fabrication processes, their commercial applications are limited. In this study, exceptional performance of PMS-SOFCs for electricity generation at low temperatures (400–600 °C) with vacuum cold sprayed (VCS) nanostructured La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3−δ (LSCF) as the high-activity cathode, the plasma-sprayed Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_2−δ/La_0.8Sr_0.2Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3−δ (GDC/LSGM) bilayer as the electrolyte, and a cermet consisting of the nickel–gadolinium-doped-ceria (Ni–GDC) composite as the anode. By carefully controlling the spray particle size, a nanostructured LSCF cathode is obtained, and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is activated. Consequently, the microstructurally optimized cell exhibits remarkable peak power densities of >1 W/cm² at 600 °C and >0.2 W/cm² at 450 °C. Moreover, this nanostructured cathode maintains high activity over 1000 h at 550 °C due to the stable microstructure, strontium (Sr) surface segregation, and the exceptional stability of PMS-SOFCs. Our results demonstrate a simple route to dramatically improve the performance and stability of PMS-SOFCs operating at low temperatures by using a nanoscale cathode for activity toward the ORR.

多孔金属支撑的固体氧化物燃料电池 (PMS-SOFC) 显示出显着降低成本的潜力，同时提高 SOFC 的耐用性。然而，由于 PMS-SOFCs 在低温和可用的制造工艺下的性能改进不尽如人意，其商业应用受到限制。在这项研究中，采用真空冷喷涂 (VCS) 纳米结构的 La _0.6 Sr _0.4 Co _0.2 Fe _0.8 O _3-δ (LSCF) 作为高-活性阴极，等离子喷涂 Ce _0.8 Gd _0.2 O _2-δ /La _0.8 Sr_0.2 Ga _0.8 Mg _0.2 O _3-δ (GDC/LSGM) 双层作为电解质，由镍钆掺杂氧化铈 (Ni-GDC) 复合材料组成的金属陶瓷作为阳极。通过仔细控制喷雾粒径，获得纳米结构的 LSCF 阴极，并激活氧还原反应 (ORR)。因此，微结构优化的电池 在 600°C 时表现出 >1 W/cm ²和 在 450°C 时>0.2 W/cm ^{2 的}显着峰值功率密度。此外，由于稳定​​的微观结构，这种纳米结构的阴极在 550°C 下保持高活性超过 1000 小时、锶 (Sr) 表面偏析以及 PMS-SOFC 的出色稳定性。我们的结果证明了通过使用纳米级阴极对 ORR 进行活性来显着提高 PMS-SOFC 在低温下运行的性能和稳定性的简单途径。