当前位置: X-MOL 学术Brain Behav. Evol. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
A Farewell to the Encephalization Quotient: A New Brain Size Measure for Comparative Primate Cognition
Brain, Behavior and Evolution ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-09 , DOI: 10.1159/000517013
Carel P van Schaik 1, 2 , Zegni Triki 3, 4 , Redouan Bshary 5 , Sandra A Heldstab 1
Affiliation  

Both absolute and relative brain sizes vary greatly among and within the major vertebrate lineages. Scientists have long debated how larger brains in primates and hominins translate into greater cognitive performance, and in particular how to control for the relationship between the noncognitive functions of the brain and body size. One solution to this problem is to establish the slope of cognitive equivalence, i.e., the line connecting organisms with an identical bauplan but different body sizes. The original approach to estimate this slope through intraspecific regressions was abandoned after it became clear that it generated slopes that were too low by an unknown margin due to estimation error. Here, we revisit this method. We control for the error problem by focusing on highly dimorphic primate species with large sample sizes and fitting a line through the mean values for adult females and males. We obtain the best estimate for the slope of circa 0.27, a value much lower than those constructed using all mammal species and close to the value expected based on the genetic correlation between brain size and body size. We also find that the estimate of cognitive brain size based on cognitive equivalence fits empirical cognitive studies better than the encephalization quotient, which should therefore be avoided in future studies on primates and presumably mammals and birds in general. The use of residuals from the line of cognitive equivalence may change conclusions concerning the cognitive abilities of extant and extinct primate species, including hominins.
Brain Behav Evol


中文翻译:

告别脑化商:一种用于比较灵长类认知的新大脑尺寸测量

主要脊椎动物谱系之间和内部的绝对和相对大脑大小差异很大。长期以来,科学家们一直在争论灵长类动物和古人类更大的大脑如何转化为更好的认知能力,特别是如何控制大脑的非认知功能与体型之间的关系。这个问题的一个解决方案是建立认知等价的斜率,即连接具有相同 bauplan 但不同体型的生物体的线。最初通过种内回归估计该斜率的方法在很明显由于估计错误而产生的斜率过低未知范围后被放弃。在这里,我们重新审视这种方法。我们通过关注具有大样本量的高度二态性灵长类物种并通过成年雌性和雄性的平均值拟合一条线来控制误差问题。我们获得了大约 0.27 斜率的最佳估计值,该值远低于使用所有哺乳动物物种构建的值,并且接近基于大脑大小和身体大小之间的遗传相关性的预期值。我们还发现,基于认知等效性的认知大脑大小的估计比脑化商更适合经验认知研究,因此在未来对灵长类动物和可能的哺乳动物和鸟类的研究中应该避免这种情况。使用认知等价线的残差可能会改变关于现存和灭绝灵长类动物(包括古人类)认知能力的结论。该值远低于使用所有哺乳动物物种构建的值,并且接近基于大脑大小和身体大小之间的遗传相关性的预期值。我们还发现,基于认知等效性的认知大脑大小的估计比脑化商更适合经验认知研究,因此在未来对灵长类动物的研究中应该避免这种情况,大概是哺乳动物和鸟类。使用认知等价线的残差可能会改变关于现存和灭绝灵长类动物(包括古人类)认知能力的结论。该值远低于使用所有哺乳动物物种构建的值,并且接近基于大脑大小和身体大小之间的遗传相关性的预期值。我们还发现,基于认知等效性的认知大脑大小的估计比脑化商更适合经验认知研究,因此在未来对灵长类动物的研究中应该避免这种情况,大概是哺乳动物和鸟类。使用认知等价线的残差可能会改变关于现存和灭绝灵长类动物(包括古人类)认知能力的结论。我们还发现,基于认知等效性的认知大脑大小的估计比脑化商更适合经验认知研究,因此在未来对灵长类动物和可能的哺乳动物和鸟类的研究中应该避免这种情况。使用认知等价线的残差可能会改变关于现存和灭绝灵长类动物(包括古人类)认知能力的结论。我们还发现,基于认知等效性的认知大脑大小的估计比脑化商更适合经验认知研究,因此在未来对灵长类动物的研究中应该避免这种情况,大概是哺乳动物和鸟类。使用认知等价线的残差可能会改变关于现存和灭绝灵长类动物(包括古人类)认知能力的结论。
大脑行为进化
更新日期:2021-07-09
down
wechat
bug