We examined the association between personality and level and change in reasoning ability in a population-based sample of older adults (62–68 years) using a three-year annual follow-up longitudinal study design (HEARTS; N = 3851). Personality traits were measured using the Mini-IPIP scale and reasoning using a short form of Raven’s Matrices. Findings from a structural equation model, controlling for age, education, and sex, revealed that higher levels on extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were associated with lower reasoning ability (βs: −0.17 to −0.09). Higher levels of openness were associated with better reasoning (β: 0.16). We found no association with rate of change. This evidence replicates previous findings demonstrating that personality traits are associated with individual differences in cognition among older adults.

我们使用为期三年的年度随访纵向研究设计（HEARTS；N  = 3851）检查了基于人群的老年人（62-68 岁）样本中个性与水平与推理能力变化之间的关联。使用 Mini-IPIP 量表和推理使用简短形式的 Raven 矩阵来测量人格特征。控制年龄、教育和性别的结构方程模型的结果表明，外向性、责任心和神经质水平越高，推理能力越低（β s：-0.17 至 -0.09）。更高水平的开放性与更好的推理相关（β: 0.16)。我们发现与变化率没有关联。这一证据复制了之前的研究结果，表明人格特征与老年人认知的个体差异有关。