Medicinal and herbal plants are increasingly cultivated on commercial scale all around the world, to satisfy the large demand for natural remedies associated with plant bioactive compounds. Moringa oleifera Lam. is one of these attractive plant species, being cultivated across the world, with most of the production in Africa and Asia. However, it is increasingly reported that the composition and concentration of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants, are largely influenced by factors such as the growing environment, harvesting time, and climatic factors among others. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the differences in the leaf metabolite profile between hydroponic and field grown M. oleifera plants due to cultivation system, harvesting time and genotypes. ¹H NMR was used for data acquisition, and MestReNova software was used for the pre-processing of the spectral data. Multivariate data analysis by means of PCA and OPLS-DA was conducted, followed by targeted metabolite analyses. The results show variations in the leaf metabolite profile as influenced by cultivation systems, harvesting time and genotypes. In both PKM-1 and Malawi hybrid genotypes, the concentration level of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and wogonin compounds were higher in the hydroponic leaf material, whereas the concentration level of esculetin, niazirin and GABA were slightly higher in the field harvested leaf materials. With regards to harvesting time effect, the concentration level of all seven targeted compounds were higher in February (summer) harvest as compared to May (autumn) harvest. Among the genotypes, PKM-1 showed to have higher concentration of certain targeted compounds as compared to Malawi hybrid, but on the other hand certain compounds from the Malawi hybrid showed also higher concentrations. These results provide insight on the possible alternative production system that can be adopted to optimise and improve accumulation of bioactive compounds in M. oleifera leaf materials.

世界各地越来越多地以商业规模种植药用和草药植物，以满足对与植物生物活性化合物相关的自然疗法的大量需求。辣木林。是这些有吸引力的植物物种之一，在世界各地种植，大部分产量在非洲和亚洲。然而，越来越多的报道称，药用植物中生物活性化合物的组成和浓度在很大程度上受生长环境、收获时间和气候因素等因素的影响。因此，本研究的目的是确定由于栽培系统、收获时间和基因型而导致的水培和田间种植的油菜植物之间叶片代谢物谱的差异。¹H NMR用于数据采集，MestReNova软件用于光谱数据的预处理。通过 PCA 和 OPLS-DA 进行多变量数据分析，然后进行靶向代谢物分析。结果显示叶片代谢物谱的变化受栽培系统、收获时间和基因型的影响。在 PKM-1 和马拉维杂种基因型中，水培叶材料中绿原酸、阿魏酸、香草酸和汉黄芩素化合物的浓度水平较高，而田间七叶草素、烟叶素和 GABA 的浓度水平略高收获的叶子材料。关于收获时间效应，与 5 月（秋季）收获相比，2 月（夏季）收获期所有七种目标化合物的浓度水平都较高。在基因型中，与马拉维杂种相比，PKM-1 显示出某些目标化合物的浓度更高，但另一方面，马拉维杂种中的某些化合物也显示出更高的浓度。这些结果提供了对可能的替代生产系统的见解，该系统可用于优化和改善生物活性化合物的积累。M. oleifera叶材料。