A physical model study was performed to examine the forces and response of 1:6 scale wood-frame coastal residential structures subjected to storm surge and waves. An on-grade and an elevated specimen were tested and exposed to regular waves with varying water depths and wave heights to simulate typical wave/surge conditions resulting from landfall hurricanes on low-lying barrier islands such as Hurricane Sandy that impacted the US East Coast in 2012 and Hurricane Ike that affected the US Gulf Coast in 2008. Results show that through careful design, wood-frame model specimens can be constructed to have similar strength and stiffness compared to full-scale structures. The two specimens were subjected to increasing surge and wave conditions, and the progressive damage was monitored using LiDAR. The on-grade specimen failed at a lower water level than the elevated specimen as expected. Both specimens showed failure modes consistent with the observed damage of residential structures in Ortley Beach, NJ, after Hurricane Sandy and on the Bolivar Peninsula, TX, after Hurricane Ike. The pressure distribution on the underside of the elevated structure and the resulting vertical forces on the on-grade structure were also examined in this study. The pressure distribution and the resulting vertical forces were significantly affected by water depth, wave height, and air gap. The results indicate that maximum vertical forces are positively correlated to wave height and water depth and negatively correlated to the air gap. The breaking type also affects vertical forces. Nonbreaking waves correlated to relatively small vertical forces, and waves breaking directly on the specimen correlated to peak vertical forces. Accelerometer data showed that the specimen decreased in stiffness during the tests due to progressive damage. An uplift pressure distribution equation was developed for an elevated residential structure as a function of wave height and air gap. The equation is generally conservative when compared to other data sets. The results and data presented in this study increase the current knowledge of the interaction between waves and residential structures, which may be useful to increase the resiliency of coastal communities.

进行了物理模型研究，以检查 1:6 比例木框架沿海住宅结构在风暴潮和海浪下的作用力和响应。对地面和高架样本进行了测试，并暴露于具有不同水深和波高的规则波浪中，以模拟由登陆低洼障碍岛屿上的飓风（例如影响美国东海岸的飓风桑迪）引起的典型波浪/涌浪条件。 2012 年和 2008 年影响美国墨西哥湾沿岸的飓风艾克。结果表明，通过精心设计，与全尺寸结构相比，木框架模型标本可以构建为具有相似的强度和刚度。两个样品经受不断增加的浪涌和波浪条件，并使用激光雷达监测逐渐损坏。正如预期的那样，同级试样在低于升高试样的水位时失效。两个样本都显示出破坏模式，这与在飓风桑迪之后新泽西州奥特利海滩和飓风艾克之后德克萨斯州玻利瓦尔半岛观察到的住宅结构损坏情况一致。本研究还检查了高架结构下侧的压力分布以及由此产生的对地面结构的垂直力。压力分布和由此产生的垂直力受水深、波高和气隙的显着影响。结果表明，最大垂直力与波高和水深呈正相关，与气隙呈负相关。断裂类型也会影响垂直力。与相对较小的垂直力相关的不间断波浪，和直接在试样上破碎的波浪与峰值垂直力相关。加速度计数据显示，由于渐进式损坏，试样在测试过程中刚度下降。为高架住宅结构开发了作为波高和气隙函数的抬升压力分布方程。与其他数据集相比，该方程通常是保守的。本研究中提供的结果和数据增加了目前对波浪与住宅结构之间相互作用的了解，这可能有助于提高沿海社区的弹性。为高架住宅结构开发了作为波高和气隙函数的抬升压力分布方程。与其他数据集相比，该方程通常是保守的。本研究中提供的结果和数据增加了目前对波浪与住宅结构之间相互作用的了解，这可能有助于提高沿海社区的弹性。为高架住宅结构开发了作为波高和气隙函数的抬升压力分布方程。与其他数据集相比，该方程通常是保守的。本研究中提供的结果和数据增加了目前对波浪与住宅结构之间相互作用的了解，这可能有助于提高沿海社区的弹性。