Established ergonomic practices incorporate only limited user data while designing new handheld products and hand tools. Design of handheld products and their handles relies mostly on ergonomic recommendations and designer experiences. Measurements of quantitative variables such as contact area, pressure, stresses, strains, etc. on hands using traditional methods are not possible or are time consuming, require a product prototype and expensive measurement systems. Therefore, companies do not incorporate these data in the product development, which could improve ergonomics further. To overcome this, we present a viable option of development and utilization of a finite element human hand model which allows grasping of products inside a virtual environment and provides quantitative results. The finite element human hand model is constructed based on medical images of a real human hand, with boundary conditions resembling the actual anatomical and topological features, which makes the model numerically feasible and biomechanically accurate. Results in terms of movement and grasping simulations of the finite element digital human hand model are presented with a discussion of the utilization of these results in the ergonomic design process.

在设计新的手持产品和手动工具时，既定的人体工程学实践仅包含有限的用户数据。手持产品及其手柄的设计主要依赖于人体工程学的建议和设计师的经验。使用传统方法测量手上的接触面积、压力、应力、应变等定量变量是不可能的或耗时的，需要产品原型和昂贵的测量系统。因此，公司不会将这些数据纳入产品开发中，这可以进一步改善人体工程学。为了克服这个问题，我们提出了一种开发和利用有限元人手模型的可行选择，该模型允许在虚拟环境中抓取产品并提供定量结果。有限元人手模型是基于真实人手的医学图像构建的，边界条件类似于实际的解剖和拓扑特征，这使得该模型在数值上可行且生物力学准确。展示了有限元数字人手模型的运动和抓取模拟结果，并讨论了这些结果在人体工程学设计过程中的利用。