Many emerging adults report experiencing mental health challenges (e.g., depressive symptoms and perceived stress) during the transition to university. These mental health challenges often coincide with increased engagement in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI; e.g., self-cutting or burning without lethal intent), but longitudinal research exploring the nature of the associations among depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and NSSI are lacking. In the present study, it was examined whether depressive symptoms and perceived stress predicted increased risk for NSSI over time (or the reverse), and whether these effects were mediated or moderated by self-compassion. The sample consisted of 1,125 university students (Mage = 17.96 years, 74% female), who completed an online survey three times in first year university. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model revealed that higher depressive symptoms, perceived stress, NSSI, and lower self-compassion often co-occurred, but only NSSI predicted increased perceived stress over time. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

许多新兴成年人表示在向大学过渡期间经历了心理健康挑战（例如抑郁症状和感知压力）。这些心理健康挑战通常与非自杀性自伤（NSSI；例如，无致命意图的自割或自焚）的增加同时发生，但缺乏探索抑郁症状、感知压力和 NSSI 之间关联性质的纵向研究。在本研究中，我们检查了抑郁症状和感知压力是否会随着时间的推移（或相反）预测 NSSI 风险增加，以及这些影响是否通过自我慈悲来介导或调节。样本由 1,125 名大学生组成（男性年龄 = 17.96 岁，女性占 74%），他们在大学一年级期间完成了 3 次在线调查。随机截距交叉滞后面板模型显示，较高的抑郁症状、感知压力、NSSI 和较低的自我慈悲经常同时发生，但只有 NSSI 预测感知压力会随着时间的推移而增加。讨论了理论和实践意义。