Marine sponges and their associated microbiota are multicellular animals known to produce metabolites with interesting pharmacological properties playing a pivotal role against a plethora of pathologic disorders such as inflammation, cancer and infections. Characellide A and B belong to a novel class of glycolipopeptides isolated from the deep sea marine sponge Characella pachastrelloides. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of characellide A and B on cytokine and chemokine release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Characellide A induces a concentration- and time-dependent CXCL8, IL-6 and TNF-α release from PBMC. This production is mediated by the induction of gene transcription. Moreover, cytokine/chemokine release induced by characellide A from PBMC is CD1d-dependent because a CD1d antagonist, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane [DPPE]-polyethylene glycolmonomethylether [PEG], specifically inhibits characellide A-induced activation of PBMC. In conclusion, characellide A is a novel modulator of adaptative/innate immune responses. Further studies are needed to understand its potential pharmacological application.

海洋海绵及其相关微生物群是多细胞动物，已知会产生具有有趣药理学特性的代谢物，在对抗炎症、癌症和感染等多种病理性疾病方面发挥着关键作用。Characellide A 和 B 属于从深海海绵Characella pachastrelloides中分离出来的一类新型糖脂肽. 在这项研究中，我们评估了 characellide A 和 B 对人外周血单核细胞 (PBMC) 释放细胞因子和趋化因子的影响。Characellide A 诱导 PBMC 的浓度和时间依赖性 CXCL8、IL-6 和 TNF-α 释放。这种产生是由基因转录的诱导介导的。此外，由 PBMC 的 characellide A 诱导的细胞因子/趋化因子释放是 CD1d 依赖性的，因为 CD1d 拮抗剂 1,2-双（二苯基膦）乙烷 [DPPE]-聚乙二醇单甲醚 [PEG] 特异性抑制 characellide A 诱导的 PBMC 激活。总之，characellide A 是适应性/先天免疫反应的新型调节剂。需要进一步的研究来了解其潜在的药理应用。