Introduction

A relationship between homophobic verbal and bullying victimization has been established in the scientific literature, yet its findings remain debated. Similarly, the emotional impact of these phenomena may cross over, although not enough evidence is available to confirm this hypothesis. The study sought to examine this overlap of phenomena as well as their emotional impact, both independently and jointly, in a community-based school sample of adolescents with varying sexual orientations.

Methods

A total of 2089 Spanish students aged 11 to 18 years (M = 13.68, SD = 1.31) completed self-report measures assessing homophobic verbal and bullying victimization, sexual orientation, and emotional impact during 2017.

Results

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adolescents reported greater homophobic verbal and bullying victimization than their non-LGB peers. No differences were found in emotional impact based on sexual orientation or gender. However, differences were found for victimization type, with LGB youth overrepresented in the poly-victim group. A mediation effect of homophobic verbal victimization was observed between bullying victimization and negative emotional impact.

Conclusions

LGB students more frequently experience more types of victimization than their non-LGB peers. Homophobic victimization amplifies the likely emotional impact of bullying victimization, which should be considered in prevention programs and psychological interventions.

Policy Implications

These findings highlight the importance of sexual diversity in the study of bullying behavior. It is also identified as a key area when developing prevention programs aimed at eradicating this type of violence from our schools.

中文翻译：

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恐同言语和欺凌受害：重叠和情感影响

介绍

科学文献中已经确定了恐同言语和欺凌受害之间的关系，但其研究结果仍然存在争议。同样，这些现象的情绪影响可能会交叉，尽管没有足够的证据来证实这一假设。该研究试图在一个以社区为基础的学校样本中，对具有不同性取向的青少年进行独立和联合研究，研究这种重叠现象及其情感影响。

方法

2017 年，共有 2089 名 11 至 18 岁的西班牙学生（M  = 13.68，SD  = 1.31）完成了评估同性恋言语和欺凌受害、性取向和情感影响的自我报告措施。

结果

女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋 (LGB) 青少年比非 LGB 同龄人报告了更多的恐同言语和欺凌行为。在基于性取向或性别的情绪影响方面没有发现差异。然而，受害类型存在差异，LGB 青年在多受害者组中所占比例过高。在欺凌受害和负面情绪影响之间观察到同性恋言语受害的中介作用。

结论

LGB 学生比非 LGB 同龄人更频繁地经历更多类型的受害。恐同受害放大了欺凌受害可能造成的情绪影响，这应该在预防计划和心理干预中加以考虑。

政策影响

这些发现强调了性别多样性在欺凌行为研究中的重要性。在制定旨在消除学校此类暴力行为的预防计划时，它也被确定为一个关键领域。