In order to combat the spread of the novel coronavirus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed a list of recommended preventative health behaviors for Americans to enact, including social distancing, frequent handwashing, and limiting nonessential trips from home. Drawing upon scarcity theory, the purpose of this study was to examine whether the economic stressors of perceived job insecurity and perceived financial insecurity are related to employee self-reports of enacting such behaviors. Moreover, we tested propositions regarding the impact of two state-level contextual variables that may moderate those relationships: the generosity of unemployment insurance benefits and extensiveness of statewide COVID-19-related restrictions. Using a multilevel data set of N = 745 currently employed U.S. workers nested within 43 states, we found that both job insecurity and financial insecurity were negatively related to the enactment of the CDC-recommended guidelines. However, the state-level variables acted as cross-level moderators, such that the negative relationship between job insecurity and compliance with the CDC guidelines was attenuated within states that have a more robust unemployment system. However, working in a state with more extensive COVID-19 restrictions seemed to primarily benefit more financially secure workers. When statewide policies were more restrictive, employees reporting more financial security were more likely to enact the CDC-recommended guidelines compared to their financially insecure counterparts. We discuss these findings in light of the continuing need to develop policies to address the public health crisis while also protecting employees facing economic stressors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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经济压力源和 CDC 推荐的 COVID-19 预防行为的实施：州级背景的影响。

为了对抗新型冠状病毒的传播，美国疾病控制与预防中心 (CDC) 制定了一份推荐的预防健康行为清单，供美国人制定，包括保持社交距离、经常洗手和限制不必要的居家旅行。借鉴稀缺理论，本研究的目的是检查感知工作不安全感和感知财务不安全感的经济压力源是否与员工自我报告实施此类行为有关。此外，我们测试了关于可能会缓和这些关系的两个州级上下文变量的影响的命题：失业保险福利的慷慨程度和全州 COVID-19 相关限制的广泛性。使用 N = 745 当前雇用的多级数据集 US 在 43 个州的工人中，我们发现工作不安全感和财务不安全感都与 CDC 推荐指南的实施呈负相关。然而，州级变量充当了跨级调节器，因此在失业制度更健全的州内，工作不安全感与遵守 CDC 指南之间的负相关关系减弱。但是，在具有更广泛 COVID-19 限制的州工作似乎主要使经济上更有保障的工人受益。当全州范围的政策更具限制性时，与财务不安全的同行相比，报告更多财务安全的员工更有可能制定 CDC 推荐的指导方针。我们根据持续需要制定政策来解决公共卫生危机，同时保护面临经济压力的员工来讨论这些发现。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。