ABSTRACT Just as increases occurring in performance during the physical exercise period continue to be a topic of research, how long elderly individuals preserve these increases are also researched. The aim of this research is to investigate changes occurring in physical fitness of older adults in the exercise, detraining and retraining periods. The first period of the research included 15 elderly individuals (11 female, 4 male) with mean age 70.5 ± 4.35 15 years, 163 ± 11 cm height, and 68.5 ± 10.8 kg. In the second period, 13 older adults (9 female, 4 male) participated with mean age 70.1 ± 3.28 years, 161 ± 0.08 cm height and 78.8 ± 10.9 kg. Older adults participated in regular multicomponent exercise 2 days per week. The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) battery for older adults was used to assess functional fitness. Exercises were completed for 6 months and then there was a break of 5 months. The detraining effect was investigated. Five months later the second exercise period continued for 6 months. A multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify significant differences between the first year and second year. There were significant differences in the physical fitness parameters of leg strength.

中文翻译：

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老年人功能健康的纵向变化

摘要 正如体育锻炼期间表现的提高仍然是一个研究课题，老年人保持这些提高的时间也得到了研究。本研究的目的是调查老年人在锻炼、停止训练和再训练期间身体素质发生的变化。研究的第一阶段包括15名老年人（11名女性，4名男性），平均年龄70.5±4.35 15岁，身高163±11厘米，体重68.5±10.8公斤。第二阶段，13名老年人（9女4男）参加，平均年龄70.1±3.28岁，身高161±0.08厘米，体重78.8±10.9公斤。老年人每周参加 2 天的定期多组分运动。老年人体能测试 (SFT) 电池组用于评估功能健康。练习完成了 6 个月，然后休息了 5 个月。研究了去训练效果。五个月后，第二个练习期持续了 6 个月。多变量方差分析 (ANOVA) 用于确定第一年和第二年之间的显着差异。腿部力量的体能参数存在显着差异。