One can take cities as palimpsests where environmental, economic and social contexts combine into buildings, streets, public spaces. There is, however, another shaping force: food. Despite being absent from today’s urban planning, historically food systems played an crucial role in shaping pre-industrial cities, defining foodscapes. Food systems have since undergone major transformations, entailing pressing issues that jeopardize sustainable development. European cities provide the perfect lab for new solutions and an historical approach to their foodscapes enables a more holistic knowledge, which may contribute to designing more resilient cities. This article focuses on the foodscape of Lisbon (Portugal) as case study, describing the evolution of the city’s food production spaces, distribution routes and retail spaces, to early twentieth century and to our days. Contemporary strategies and their impact on Lisbon’s foodscape are also highlighted, and, finally, a reflection on how food systems may be explored within urban design, towards more sustainable solutions.

中文翻译：

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通过食物塑造城市：以里斯本的历史美食景观为例

人们可以把城市看作是环境、经济和社会背景结合成建筑物、街道和公共空间的翻版。然而，还有另一种塑造力量：食物。尽管在今天的城市规划中缺席，但从历史上看，食物系统在塑造前工业城市、定义食物景观方面发挥了至关重要的作用。自那以后，粮食系统经历了重大转变，带来了危及可持续发展的紧迫问题。欧洲城市为新解决方案提供了完美的实验室，对其食物景观的历史方法可以提供更全面的知识，这可能有助于设计更具弹性的城市。本文以里斯本（葡萄牙）的美食景观为案例研究，描述了该市食品生产空间、配送路线和零售空间的演变，到二十世纪初和我们的时代。当代战略及其对里斯本食物景观的影响也得到了强调，最后，反思了如何在城市设计中探索食物系统，以实现更可持续的解决方案。