Ultrafast Microwave Synthesis of WO3 Nanostructured Films for Solar Photocatalysis,Physica Status Solidi-Rapid Research Letters

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Ultrafast Microwave Synthesis of WO3 Nanostructured Films for Solar Photocatalysis
Physica Status Solidi-Rapid Research Letters ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-08 , DOI: 10.1002/pssr.202100196
Daniela Nunes _{1,

2} , Ana Rita Fragoso ₁ , Tomas Freire _{1,

3} , Mariana Matias _{1,

3} , Ana Carolina Marques ₁ , Rodrigo Ferrão de Paiva Martins _{1,

2} , Elvira Fortunato ₁ , Ana Pimentel _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Tungsten oxide (WO₃) nanostructured films are synthesized under microwave radiation with synthesis times of 5 and 10 min, at 150 or 180 °C. This ultrafast synthesis route results in uniform and well-crystallized WO₃ nanostructured films fully covering the substrates. A plate-like hierarchical structure is observed at 150 °C, and closely packed rectangular nanorods are formed at 180 °C. For both temperatures, the nanostructures self-organize into larger flower-like structures. The increase of the synthesis time from 5 to 10 min at 180 °C results in thicker films, reaching ≈4 μm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the films grow with the WO₃ orthorhombic crystalline phase (o-WO₃·0.33H₂O). Photoluminescence (PL) measurements are performed for all the films, and their optical bandgaps are estimated through diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The WO₃ films have their photocatalytic activity assessed from rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under solar radiation. The Mott–Schottky plots confirm the n-type character of the films with the flat-band potentials and electron concentrations being estimated for the best photocatalysts. This study associates the eco-friendly, fast, and low-cost aspects of the synthesis route to the production of highly photoactive materials, which can effectively contribute to environmental remediation.

中文翻译：

用于太阳能光催化的 WO3 纳米结构薄膜的超快微波合成

氧化钨 (WO ₃ ) 纳米结构薄膜在微波辐射下合成，合成时间为 5 分钟和 10 分钟，温度为 150 或 180 °C。这种超快合成路线导致均匀且结晶良好的WO ₃纳米结构薄膜完全覆盖基材。在 150°C 观察到板状分层结构，在 180°C 形成紧密堆积的矩形纳米棒。对于这两种温度，纳米结构自组织成更大的花状结构。在 180°C 下将合成时间从 5 分钟增加到 10 分钟，导致薄膜更厚，达到 ≈4 μm。X射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼光谱表明，薄膜以WO ₃正交晶相（o -WO ₃ ·0.33H₂ O)。对所有薄膜进行光致发光 (PL) 测量，并通过漫反射光谱估计它们的光学带隙。WO ₃膜的光催化活性通过在太阳辐射下的罗丹明B(RhB)降解来评估。Mott-Schottky 图证实了薄膜的 n 型特性，其中估计了最佳光催化剂的平带电位和电子浓度。该研究将合成路线的环保、快速和低成本方面与高光活性材料的生产联系起来，这可以有效地促进环境修复。

更新日期：2021-09-16

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