This paper investigates the energy and economic performance of several energy schemes that could potentially be applied to agricultural and zootechnical communities contributing to the international objectives of sustainable development. The proposed energy schemes involve integrated energy efficiency technologies and novel system layouts aiming at reaching the zero-energy goal at a community level, by considering collective energy actions with provision of benefits for members and stakeholders. The proposed scenarios include different innovative technologies, such as anaerobic digestion, cogeneration, biogas upgrading, solar, district heating and cooling. These layouts are modelled in TRNSYS simulation environment to perform dynamic simulations and parametric analyses of the pivotal system parameters. Such analyses are conducted to find out the best scenario and the size of its system components which optimize different energy and economic objective functions. To assess the feasibility of all proposed scenarios and energy schemes, as well as to investigate the potential of the developed models, proposed scenarios are studied for an existing community. This existing agricultural community named “La Bellotta”, is served through different technologies, including a gas fuelled co-generator and an anaerobic biodigester. Simulation results show that the investigated scenarios allow for achieving very high self consumption ratios of energy produced on-site (from 57 to 100%), high economic performance (measured by the profitability index up to 1.35 for the best investigated scenario) and environmental benefits. The case study provides examples of energy schemes in which citizens and communities have a major benefit to invest in projects including renewables technologies, energy efficiency, and positive energy services.

中文翻译：

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能源独立社区的设计和环境可持续性评估：意大利北部畜牧场的案例研究

本文研究了几种能源计划的能源和经济绩效，这些计划可能适用于农业和畜牧业社区，为可持续发展的国际目标做出贡献。拟议的能源计划涉及综合能源效率技术和新颖的系统布局，旨在通过考虑集体能源行动并为成员和利益相关者提供利益，在社区层面实现零能源目标。拟议的方案包括不同的创新技术，例如厌氧消化、热电联产、沼气升级、太阳能、区域供热和制冷。这些布局在 TRNSYS 仿真环境中建模，以执行关键系统参数的动态仿真和参数分析。进行此类分析是为了找出优化不同能源和经济目标函数的最佳方案及其系统组件的规模。为了评估所有提议的情景和能源方案的可行性，并研究所开发模型的潜力，对现有社区的提议情景进行了研究。这个名为“La Bellotta”的现有农业社区通过不同的技术提供服务，包括燃气热电联产装置和厌氧生物消化器。模拟结果表明，所研究的场景可以实现非常高的现场生产能源自耗率（从 57% 到 100%）、高经济效益（通过最佳研究场景的盈利指数高达 1.35 来衡量）和环境效益。该案例研究提供了能源计划的例子，其中公民和社区投资可再生能源技术、能源效率和积极的能源服务等项目可以获得重大利益。