This paper aims to review the recent progress in the research carried out by scientists worldwide regarding American Footballers' head injuries and head protective equipment, focusing on the role of computation methods, mainly finite element method application to American Football helmet design and testing as well as head injury biomechanics. The helmet technology has been constantly improved, and it is driven by market competition, medical records, coaches and athletes' self-awareness. With finite element analysis and computational resources development, it is possible to develop more accurate brain models to recreate American Footballers' head impacts. This method seems to be an excellent simulation tool to verify the helmet's ability to absorb energy and enable the researchers to have an insight into head kinematics and tissue-level injuries. The work is focused on head injuries in American Football as the sport becomes more popular across the globe. Additionally, a reference to the development and newest technology is presented. The review's proposed approach gathers studies presented within the last decade regarding the coupling of finite element brain models with helmets in standardised or on-field conditions. The synthesis of the existing state of the art may enhance the researchers to continue investigating the athlete's trauma and improve the protective gear technology to minimise head injuries. The authors presented numerous studies regarding concussions and the newest findings from the last decade, including Finite Element Head models (FEHm) with American Football helmet simulations. All the studies were searched through Google Scholar, Scopus and ResearchGate databases.

本文旨在回顾全球科学家在美式足球运动员头部损伤和头部防护装备方面的研究进展，重点介绍计算方法的作用，主要是有限元方法在美式足球头盔设计和测试中的应用以及头部损伤生物力学。头盔技术不断完善，受到市场竞争、病历、教练员和运动员自我意识的驱动。通过有限元分析和计算资源的开发，可以开发更准确的大脑模型来重现美式足球运动员的头部撞击。这种方法似乎是一个很好的验证头盔的模拟工具' 吸收能量的能力并使研究人员能够深入了解头部运动学和组织层面的损伤。随着这项运动在全球范围内变得越来越流行，这项工作的重点是美式足球中的头部受伤。此外，还提供了对开发和最新技术的参考。该评论提出的方法收集了过去十年中关于在标准化或现场条件下将有限元大脑模型与头盔耦合的研究。现有技术的综合可能会促使研究人员继续调查运动员的创伤并改进护具技术以最大程度地减少头部受伤。作者介绍了大量关于脑震荡的研究以及过去十年的最新发现，包括具有美式橄榄球头盔模拟的有限元头部模型 (FEHm)。所有研究均通过 Google Scholar、Scopus 和 ResearchGate 数据库进行搜索。