The European Physical Journal E ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-08 , DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00096-9 S M Amin Arefi 1 , Cheng Wei Tony Yang 2 , Don D Sin 2 , James J Feng 1, 3
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Abstract
As part of the immune response, leukocytes can directly transmigrate through the body of endothelial cells or through the gap between adjacent endothelial cells. These are known, respectively, as the transcellular and paracellular route of diapedesis. What determines the usage of one route over the other is unclear. A recently proposed tenertaxis hypothesis claims that leukocytes choose the path with less mechanical resistance against leukocyte protrusions. We examined this hypothesis using numerical simulation of the mechanical resistance during paracellular and transcellular protrusions. By using parameters based on human lung endothelium, our results show that the required force to breach the endothelium through the transcellular route is greater than paracellular route, in agreement with experiments. Moreover, experiments have demonstrated that manipulation of the relative strength between the two routes can make the transcellular route preferable. Our simulations have demonstrated this reversal and thus tentatively confirmed the hypothesis of tenertaxis.
Graphic abstract
中文翻译：
白细胞渗出的tenertaxis假说的机械测试
摘要
作为免疫反应的一部分，白细胞可以直接通过内皮细胞体或通过相邻内皮细胞之间的间隙迁移。这些分别被称为跨细胞和细胞旁的血肿途径。是什么决定了一条路线相对于另一条路线的使用情况尚不清楚。最近提出的一个趋向性假说声称，白细胞选择的路径对白细胞突起的机械阻力较小。我们使用细胞旁和跨细胞突起期间机械阻力的数值模拟来检验这一假设。通过使用基于人肺内皮的参数，我们的结果表明，通过跨细胞途径破坏内皮所需的力大于细胞旁途径，这与实验一致。而且，实验表明，控制两条路线之间的相对强度可以使跨细胞路线更可取。我们的模拟已经证明了这种逆转，因此初步证实了tenertaxis的假设。
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