The use of biowaste compost as soil organic amendment is of great interest for soil recovery. However, there is little knowledge of detailed effects on chemical, microbial, and biochemical properties in different soil compartments (aggregate classes) following long-term amendment with biowaste compost. We studied the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), soil microbial biomass (SMB), microbial community composition and activity in bulk soils and in three water stable aggregate classes (>250, 250–53, and <53 μm), after seven years of different fertilization treatments: biowaste compost (Com), mineral NPK fertilizers (Min), biowaste compost with half-dose N fertilizer (ComN), and no fertilizers as control (Cnt). Microbial biomass was assessed through a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) based method and enzyme activities were determined using a microplate-based fluorometric assay. Denaturing gradient electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting analysis was used to study the composition of both fungal and bacterial communities. Com and ComN treatments improved significantly SOC, TN and SMB in bulk soils and in all aggregate sizes. Composition of fungal and bacterial communities shifted with biowaste compost, more in soil aggregates than in bulk soils. To this change of microbial community composition in soil aggregates, corresponded a response of enzymes activities to fertilization treatments depending on aggregate size. Com treatment caused the highest enzyme activity in microaggregates (250–53 μm), whereas ComN and Min showed, in general, a higher activity in silt plus clay sized aggregates (<53 μm). The enzymes involved in biogeochemical cycle of P, with the exception of the phytase, displayed the lowest activity in macroaggregates (>250 μm), suggesting that the intensity of this cycle is lower in this soil niche; however, they increased with C accumulation due to both biowaste compost treatments. Furthermore, fungal diversity and richness decreased with fertilization treatments in all fraction except in macroaggregates. Thus, soil aggregates regulated the feedback of chemical, biochemical and microbial properties in response to soil fertilization strategies.

使用生物废物堆肥作为土壤有机改良剂对土壤恢复具有重要意义。然而，在用生物废物堆肥长期改良后，对不同土壤区室（聚集体类别）的化学、微生物和生化特性的详细影响知之甚少。我们研究了土壤有机碳 (SOC)、总氮 (TN)、土壤微生物生物量 (SMB)、微生物群落组成和活性在大块土壤和三个水稳定聚集体类别 (>250、250-53 和 < 53 μm)，经过七年的不同施肥处理：生物垃圾堆肥 (Com)、矿物 NPK 肥料 (Min)、含有半剂量氮肥 (ComN) 的生物垃圾堆肥和无肥料作为对照 (Cnt)。通过基于双链 DNA (dsDNA) 的方法评估微生物生物量，并使用基于微孔板的荧光测定法测定酶活性。变性梯度电泳 (DGGE) 指纹分析用于研究真菌和细菌群落的组成。Com 和 ComN 处理显着改善了大块土壤和所有骨料尺寸中的 SOC、TN 和 SMB。真菌和细菌群落的组成随生物垃圾堆肥而变化，在土壤团聚体中比在大块土壤中更多。对于土壤团聚体中微生物群落组成的这种变化，对应于酶活性对施肥处理的响应，这取决于团聚体的大小。Com 处理导致微团聚体 (250-53 μm) 中酶活性最高，而 ComN 和 Min 显示，一般来说，在淤泥和粘土大小的聚集体 (<53 μm) 中具有更高的活性。除植酸酶外，参与磷生物地球化学循环的酶在大团聚体（>250 μm）中的活性最低，表明该土壤生态位中该循环的强度较低；然而，由于两种生物废物堆肥处理，它们随着 C 的积累而增加。此外，除大团聚体外，所有部分的真菌多样性和丰富度都随着施肥处理而降低。因此，土壤团聚体响应土壤施肥策略调节化学、生化和微生物特性的反馈。表明该土壤生态位中该循环的强度较低；然而，由于两种生物废物堆肥处理，它们随着 C 的积累而增加。此外，除大团聚体外，所有部分的真菌多样性和丰富度都随着施肥处理而降低。因此，土壤团聚体响应土壤施肥策略调节化学、生化和微生物特性的反馈。表明该土壤生态位中该循环的强度较低；然而，由于两种生物废物堆肥处理，它们随着 C 的积累而增加。此外，除大团聚体外，所有部分的真菌多样性和丰富度都随着施肥处理而降低。因此，土壤团聚体响应土壤施肥策略调节化学、生化和微生物特性的反馈。