Drivers of change in the reindeer management system are rather well-known. But when developing the governance to support the traditional livelihoods, it is crucial to understand also practitioner perceptions. Systematic research on these is lacking. We analyzed the land-use and climate related drivers within the reindeer management area (RMA) in Finland, and, using a perception geography approach, studied the herder perceptions towards these. We conducted an on-site questionnaire survey with herders from 51 herding districts. Factors directly affecting the welfare of reindeer were perceived as crucial by herders, for example basal icing affecting the forage availability, and land-use related factors limiting the seasonal pasture access. Perceptions of herders on biophysical factors were rather homogeneous. The regional heterogeneities in perceptions towards land-use related factors could be explained by spatial differences in land-use and varying herding traditions. Cumulative land-use impacts raised particular concerns. Our approach can be utilized in the co-planning of the northern land-use and more widely in the co-management of natural resources.

驯鹿管理系统变革的驱动因素是众所周知的。但是，在发展治理以支持传统生计时，了解从业者的看法也很重要。缺乏对这些的系统研究。我们分析了芬兰驯鹿管理区 (RMA) 内与土地利用和气候相关的驱动因素，并使用感知地理方法研究了牧民对这些因素的看法。我们对来自51个牧区的牧民进行了现场问卷调查。牧民认为直接影响驯鹿福利的因素至关重要，例如影响草料供应的基础结冰，以及限制季节性牧场获取的土地利用相关因素。牧民对生物物理因素的看法相当一致。对土地利用相关因素看法的区域异质性可以用土地利用的空间差异和不同的放牧传统来解释。累积的土地利用影响引起了特别关注。我们的方法可用于北部土地利用的共同规划，更广泛地用于自然资源的共同管理。