Social attitudes like religiousness and conservatism have been rarely examined in a life history framework. However, there are two competing hypotheses regarding the role of religiousness in human life history: in evolutionary psychological research it is thought to indicate slow life history while the behavioral ecological framework highlights its role in faster life history via elevated reproduction output and lower age of first reproduction. We tested these hypotheses for conservatism and religiousness by analyzing their relations with the variables that measure childhood environmental characteristics, mating effort, and reproductive motivation. The research was conducted via an online study on a sample of young adults in Serbia (N = 528). Bivariate correlations showed that religiousness and conservatism are positively related to reproductive motivation and a beneficial childhood environment, with negative correlations with mating effort. Furthermore, the Network Analysis showed that these two social attitudes are related only to enhanced reproductive motivation when analyzed in a multivariate fashion: conservatism was positively related with reasons favoring parenthood and desired number of children while religiousness was positively related to reasons for parenthood, and negatively for reasons against parenthood and pregnancy planning. Both attitudes had above average centrality indices in the life history network. The results are interpreted in a framework of life history theory and behavioral ecology of social attitudes in general.

很少在生活史框架中研究宗教和保守主义等社会态度。然而，关于宗教信仰在人类生活史中的作用存在两种相互矛盾的假设：在进化心理学研究中，它被认为表明生命史较慢，而行为生态框架则通过提高生殖产量和较低的出生年龄强调其在较快的生活史中的作用。再生产。我们通过分析这些假设与衡量儿童环境特征、交配努力和生殖动机的变量的关系来测试这些假设的保守性和宗教性。该研究是通过对塞尔维亚年轻人样本的在线研究进行的 ( N = 528）。双变量相关性表明，宗教信仰和保守主义与生殖动机和有益的童年环境呈正相关，与交配努力呈负相关。此外，网络分析表明，当以多元方式进行分析时，这两种社会态度仅与增强的生育动机有关：保守主义与偏爱为人父母的原因和期望的孩子数量呈正相关，而宗教信仰与为人父母的原因呈正相关，负相关出于反对生育和怀孕计划的原因。在生活史网络中，这两种态度的中心性指数都高于平均水平。结果在生活史理论和一般社会态度的行为生态学的框架中进行了解释。