Brassinolide (BR) plays an important role in physiological and biochemical processes of plants. The natural resources of Pinellia ternata (P. ternata) were gradually exhausted, while the yield of artificial cultivation was limited due to the uncertainty of technology and climate. The paper mainly studied BR effects on the yield and quality of two P. ternata cultivars (peach leaf shape and willow leaf shape) on the 15th and 105th day after treatments, which could provide references for P. ternata cultivation. Six levels of BR (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/L) were sprayed at three-leaf fully expanded. The results showed that BR treatments increased the yield and quality of two P. ternata cultivars. After the 15th day of treatments, BR was beneficial to increase DPPH radical scavenging activity and contents of total flavone, ascorbic acid, and soluble sugar in tuber of two P. ternata cultivars. After the 105th day of BR treatments, peach leaf P. ternata had higher yield and contents of total alkaloids, free amino acid, and soluble protein content in tuber and bulbil, and willow leaf P. ternata had higher DPPH radical scavenging activity and contents of total flavone and soluble sugar in tuber and bulbil. Comprehensive analysis showed that the optimum BR concentration was 2 mg/L for tuber and bulbil of peach leaf shape and was 0.5–1 mg/L for tuber and bulbil of willow leaf shape, respectively.

芸苔素内酯（BR）在植物的生理生化过程中起着重要作用。半夏（P. ternata）的自然资源逐渐枯竭，而人工栽培的产量由于技术和气候的不确定性而受到限制。本文主要研究了BR对处理后第15天和第105天的2个紫檀品种(桃叶形和柳叶形)产量和品质的影响，为紫檀栽培提供参考。在三叶完全展开时喷洒六种水平的 BR（0、0.05、0.1、0.5、1 和 2 mg/L）。结果表明，BR处理提高了两种紫花苜蓿的产量和品质品种。处理第15天后，BR有利于提高DPPH自由基清除活性，提高2个紫檀品种块茎中总黄酮、抗坏血酸和可溶性糖的含量。BR处理第105天后，桃叶P. ternata的产量和块茎和球茎中总生物碱、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量较高，柳叶P. ternata具有较高的DPPH自由基清除活性和含量块茎和球茎中的总黄酮和可溶性糖。综合分析表明，桃叶状块茎和球茎的最佳BR浓度为2mg/L，柳叶状块茎和球茎的最佳BR浓度分别为0.5～1mg/L。