In this work, a one-sided measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol that uses Bell and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states is proposed. The protocol considers three parties: Alice and Bob, who will share the key at the end of the protocol; and Charlie, who plays the role of facilitating the key distribution without having access to the key itself. Alice and Charlie are trusted users, while Bob is uncharacterized. The protocol is asymmetrical, meaning that Alice sends one qubit while Bob sends two; this allows Bob to identify himself via a previously assigned ID; if this authentication fails, the key distribution also will.

中文翻译：

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Bell-GHZ 测量设备无关的量子密钥分发

在这项工作中，提出了一种使用 Bell 和 Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) 状态的单边测量设备独立量子密钥分发协议。该协议考虑了三方：Alice 和 Bob，他们将在协议末尾共享密钥；和查理，他扮演促进密钥分发的角色，而无需访问密钥本身。Alice 和 Charlie 是受信任的用户，而 Bob 没有特征。该协议是非对称的，这意味着 Alice 发送一个量子比特，而 Bob 发送两个；这允许 Bob 通过先前分配的 ID 来识别自己；如果此身份验证失败，密钥分发也会失败。