Abstract

The genus Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales) plays an important role in forest ecosystems as an ectomycorrhizal fungus, contributing to nutrient cycles through symbiosis with many types of trees. Though understanding Laccaria diversity and distribution patterns, as well as its association with host plants, is fundamental to constructing a balanced plant diversity and conducting effective forest management, previous studies have not been effective in accurately investigating, as they relied heavily on specimen collection alone. To investigate the true diversity and distribution pattern of Laccaria species and determine their host types, we used four different approaches: specimen-based analysis, open database search (ODS), NGS analysis, and species-specific PCR (SSP). As a result, 14 Laccaria species have been confirmed in Korea. Results regarding the species distribution pattern were different between specimen-based analysis and SSP. However, when both were integrated, the exact distribution pattern of each Laccaria species was determined. In addition, the SSP revealed that many Laccaria species have a wide range of host types. This study shows that using these four different approaches is useful in determining the diversity, distribution, and host of ECM fungi. Furthermore, results obtained for Laccaria will serve as a baseline to help understand the role of ECM fungi in forest management in response to climate change.

摘要

Laccaria属（Hydnangiaceae、Agaricales）作为外生菌根真菌在森林生态系统中发挥着重要作用，通过与多种树木的共生促进养分循环。虽然了解Laccaria 的多样性和分布模式，以及它与寄主植物的联系，对于构建平衡的植物多样性和进行有效的森林管理至关重要，但以前的研究在准确调查方面效果不佳，因为它们严重依赖标本收集。调查Laccaria的真实多样性和分布格局物种并确定它们的宿主类型，我们使用了四种不同的方法：基于标本的分析、开放数据库搜索 (ODS)、NGS 分析和物种特异性 PCR (SSP)。结果，在韩国确认了 14 种Laccaria 。基于标本的分析和 SSP 之间关于物种分布模式的结果是不同的。然而，当两者结合时，每个Laccaria物种的确切分布模式就确定了。此外，SSP 显示许多Laccaria物种具有广泛的宿主类型。这项研究表明，使用这四种不同的方法有助于确定 ECM 真菌的多样性、分布和宿主。此外，针对Laccaria获得的结果将作为帮助理解 ECM 真菌在应对气候变化的森林管理中的作用的基线。