ABSTRACT

Introduction

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) hold great perspective for the therapy of a host of diseases due to regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties by differentiation into diverse cell populations, homing to damaged tissue regions, paracrine effects, and release of extracellular vesicles.

Areas covered

This review describes the isolation, characterization, and potential use of MSCs and ADSCs for benign and malignant diseases. The MSCs may be administered as whole cells or in form of their secretome that is held responsible for most of their beneficial effects. A special constituent of the paracrine components are the extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry a biologically potent cargo of proteins, cytokines, and RNA.

Expert opinion

The applications of MSCs and ADSCs are amply documented and have been investigated in preclinical models and many unregulated and a few controlled trials. Larger numbers of MSCs and ADSCs can be obtained for allogeneic transfer but imply difficulties including perseverance of the cells in vivo and possible differentiation into harmful cell types. MSC-derived cell-free preparations are easier to handle and manufacture for various applications. Especially, with the help of bioreactors, EVs can be obtained in excessive numbers and preloaded or charged with proteins, cytokines, and regulatory RNA specimen to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer.

中文翻译：

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用于癌症治疗的脂肪来源的基质/干细胞和细胞外囊泡

摘要

介绍

间充质基质/干细胞 (MSCs) 通过分化成不同的细胞群、归巢到受损组织区域、旁分泌作用和释放细胞外囊泡，具有再生和抗炎特性，对治疗许多疾病具有重要意义。

涵盖的领域

本综述描述了 MSCs 和 ADSCs 在良性和恶性疾病中的分离、表征和潜在用途。MSCs 可以作为整个细胞或以它们的分泌组形式给药，这对它们的大部分有益作用负责。旁分泌成分的一个特殊成分是细胞外囊泡 (EV)，它携带具有生物活性的蛋白质、细胞因子和 RNA 货物。

专家意见

MSCs 和 ADSCs 的应用已得到充分记录，并已在临床前模型和许多不受监管的和少数对照试验中进行了研究。可以获得更多的 MSC 和 ADSC 用于同种异体转移，但这意味着困难，包括细胞在体内的持久性和可能分化成有害细胞类型。MSC 衍生的无细胞制剂更易于处理和制造，适用于各种应用。尤其是在生物反应器的帮助下，可以大量获得 EV，并预装或装载蛋白质、细胞因子和调节性 RNA 标本，以治疗炎症性疾病和癌症。