Past human mobility, often reconstructed using stone artefact assemblages, is an important component of Australian archaeology. Tracing the transport of stone artefacts enables direct measures of the direction and distance of past Aboriginal movement across landscapes. Sourcing transported stone artefacts to their geological point of origin therefore has the potential to significantly improve our understanding of human mobility. Beyond this, the identification of artefact source locations is also critical for stone artefact analyses since raw material factors strongly condition assemblage formation. However, relatively little stone sourcing has been completed in Australia. This is particularly the case for the inland Pilbara, north-western Australia, where almost no sourcing work has been published. This paper presents the results of a limited pilot study which aimed to test the application of petrographic and in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) analytical techniques to the sourcing of transported artefacts from three Pilbara quarried outcrops to two non-quarried open surface sites. The results indicate that geochemical interelement ratios (e.g., La/Nd and U/Th) can discriminate between both quarry sites and artefacts. A clear petrographic and geochemical match between a quarry and one stone artefact discarded at a non-quarried site was found, and different samples collected from the same quarry yielded overlapping geochemical signatures. This suggests that LA-ICPMS has the potential to elucidate artefact transport (as a proxy for the movement of people) between locations, effectively linking these places as part of a behavioural system. While a larger database of artefact and quarry specimens is needed to fully explore both the efficacy of the approach and the archaeological implications, this study suggests that sourcing techniques hold significant promise for reconstructing past human mobility in the Pilbara and for demonstrating landscape-scale connections between sites.

过去的人类流动，通常使用石制品组合重建，是澳大利亚考古学的重要组成部分。追踪石制品的运输可以直接测量过去原住民在景观中移动的方向和距离。因此，将运输的石制品采购到其地质起源地有可能显着提高我们对人类流动性的理解。除此之外，人工制品来源位置的识别对于石材人工制品分析也至关重要，因为原材料因素强烈地影响了组合的形成。然而，澳大利亚完成的石材采购相对较少。澳大利亚西北部的内陆皮尔巴拉尤其如此，那里几乎没有发布任何采购工作。就地激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱 (LA-ICPMS) 分析技术从三个皮尔巴拉采石场到两个非采石开放地表地点的运输人工制品的采购。结果表明地球化学元素间比（例如，La/Nd 和 U/Th）可以区分采石场和人工制品。发现采石场和在非采石场丢弃的一件石制品之间的岩石学和地球化学明显匹配，并且从同一采石场收集的不同样本产生了重叠的地球化学特征。这表明 LA-ICPMS 有可能阐明不同地点之间的人工制品运输（作为人员移动的代理），将这些地点作为行为系统的一部分有效地连接起来。