This study examines the atmospheric properties of weather states (WSs) derived from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project over the Western North Atlantic Ocean. In particular, radiation and aerosol data corresponding to two sites in the study domain, Pennsylvania State University and Bermuda, were examined to characterize the atmospheric properties of the various satellite-derived WSs. At both sites, the fair weather WS was most prevalent, followed by the cirrus WS. Differences in the seasonality of the various WSs were observed at the two sites. Fractional sky cover and effective shortwave cloud transmissivity derived from ground-based radiation measurements were able to capture differences among the satellite-derived WSs. Speciated aerosol optical thicknesses (AOT) from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 were used to investigate potential differences in aerosol properties among the WSs. The clear sky WS exhibited below-average seasonal values of AOT at both sites year-round, as well as relatively high rates of occurrence with low AOT events. In addition, the clear sky WS showed above-average contributions from dust and black carbon to the total AOT year-round. Finally, transitions between various WSs were examined under low, high, and mid-range AOT conditions. The most common pathway was for the WSs to remain in the same state after a 3 h interval. Some WSs, such as mid latitude storms, deep convection, middle top, and shallow cumulus, were more prevalent as ending states under high AOT conditions. This work motivates examining differences in aerosol properties between WSs in other regions.

中文翻译：

---

北大西洋西部的云、气溶胶和辐射特性

本研究检查了源自北大西洋西部国际卫星云气候学项目的天气状态 (WS) 的大气特性。特别是，检查了与研究领域中的两个站点（宾夕法尼亚州立大学和百慕大）对应的辐射和气溶胶数据，以表征各种卫星衍生的 WS 的大气特性。在这两个站点，晴天 WS 最为普遍，其次是卷云 WS。在两个地点观察到各种 WS 的季节性差异。来自地面辐射测量的部分天空覆盖率和有效的短波云透射率能够捕捉到卫星衍生的 WS 之间的差异。来自现代研究和应用回顾性分析第 2 版的特定气溶胶光学厚度 (AOT) 用于研究 WS 之间气溶胶特性的潜在差异。晴空 WS 全年在两个站点的 AOT 季节性值均低于平均水平，并且在低 AOT 事件的情况下发生率相对较高。此外，晴空 WS 显示出灰尘和黑碳对全年总 AOT 的贡献高于平均水平。最后，在低、高和中档 AOT 条件下检查了各种 WS 之间的过渡。最常见的途径是让 WS 在 3 小时间隔后保持相同状态。一些 WS，如中纬度风暴、深对流、中顶和浅积云，在高 AOT 条件下作为结束状态更为普遍。