The supply of nutrients for agricultural production faces enormous challenges as food security and sustainability goals have to be ensured. Processing of marine biomass has high potential to provide nutrients for agricultural purposes in coastal areas. One underexplored resource is jellyfish, which occur as blooms and by-catch of the fishing industry. In this context, a pot experiment investigated the effects of jellyfish as a fertilizer on biomass accumulation of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and its effect on the important greenhouse gas N2O as a sustainability indicator of novel fertilizers. Dried and ground jellyfish was applied (3 species: Aurelia aurita (AA), Cyanea capillata (CC), Periphylla periphylla (PP)) and compared with an unfertilized and a mineral fertilized (calcium-ammonium-nitrate, CAN) treatment. Dried jellyfish and CAN were applied at equal N rates of 5 g N per m2. The N2O-fluxes from soil were measured over 56 days after fertilizer application. Grass dry matter yields, when using CC and PP treatments, were not significantly different to the CAN treatment (p>0.05). After reducing its salinity, AA also showed no differences to CAN on plant growth and the lowest coefficient of variation for dry matter yield as an indicator for yield stability. Accumulated N2O-emissions were lowest in the control and were 3-times higher in AA and CC compared to CAN (p<0.05). If salinity levels are moderate, jellyfish application to soil can compete with artificial mineral fertilizers in terms of N-supply for above- and belowground yield response, regardless of jellyfish species used. However, elevated N2O-emissions are likely to affect its suitability for large-scale application. Nevertheless, if energy-efficient methods of drying and desalination of jellyfish can be developed, in coastal areas dried jellyfish is a valuable fertilizer particularly in situations where nutrient supplies for agriculture are limited.

中文翻译：

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沿海地区施用水母后土壤中的草生长和 N2O 排放

由于必须确保粮食安全和可持续性目标，农业生产的营养供应面临巨大挑战。海洋生物质的加工具有为沿海地区的农业目的提供营养的巨大潜力。一种未被充分开发的资源是水母，它是渔业的大量繁殖和副渔获物。在此背景下，盆栽实验研究了海蜇作为肥料对一年生黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum）生物量积累的影响，及其对作为新型肥料可持续性指标的重要温室气体 N2O 的影响。应用干燥和磨碎的水母（3 种：Aurelia aurita (AA)、Cyanea capillata (CC)、Periphylla periphylla (PP)），并与未受精和矿物受精（硝酸钙铵，CAN）处理进行比较。干水母和 CAN 以每平方米 5 克 N 的等量施氮量施用。在施肥后 56 天内测量了土壤中的 N2O 通量。当使用 CC 和 PP 处理时，草干物质产量与 CAN 处理没有显着差异（p>0.05）。在降低盐度后，AA 在植物生长方面与 CAN 也没有差异，干物质产量的最低变异系数作为产量稳定性的指标。与 CAN 相比，对照组的累积 N2O 排放量最低，AA 和 CC 的累积排放量高 3 倍（p<0.05）。如果盐度适中，无论使用何种水母，水母在土壤中的施肥都可以在氮供应方面与人工矿物肥料竞争地上和地下产量响应。然而，N2O 排放量的增加可能会影响其大规模应用的适用性。然而，如果能够开发出水母干燥和脱盐的节能方法，那么在沿海地区，水母干是一种有价值的肥料，特别是在农业养分供应有限的情况下。