This study investigated the potential restorative (PR) effects of urban soundscapes. To establish a new set of PR criteria for urban environments, this study recreated 10 urban sites in virtual reality, instead of using the typical method of questionnaires. A list of restoration-related semantic terms was derived from narrative interviews of 50 subjects who freely expressed their perceptions of the space. PR criteria were determined based on the derived list and two groups were found: the PR group and potential non-restorative group. The objective characteristics of urban soundscapes—acoustic and visual characteristics and characteristics of moving objects—were analyzed. Participants provided their subjective responses regarding sound source identification, perceived affective quality, and overall quality. The Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised-Short Version and Satisfaction with Life Scale were utilized to analyze participants’ individual characteristics. Based on it, a model was developed to predict whether PR criteria could be satisfied, which was 82.6% accurate (85.9% specificity, 71.8% sensitivity). It was determined that the overall level of preference regarding an urban soundscape is a significant factor in satisfying PR criteria. In particular, the design and planning of urban spaces should aim to reduce a space’s loudness and increase the revisitation rate to promote the restoration of the urban residents’ mental health. Furthermore, for individuals, a trait based on acquired experience has a greater impact on the PR effects of urban soundscapes than innate temperament. This study’s findings can serve as supporting data to design sustainable and health-promoting urban soundscapes.

本研究调查了城市音景的潜在恢复 (PR) 效应。为了建立一套新的城市环境公关标准，本研究在虚拟现实中重新创建了 10 个城市站点，而不是使用问卷的典型方法。一份与修复相关的语义术语列表来自对 50 名自由表达他们对空间的看法的受试者的叙事访谈。PR 标准根据派生的列表确定，并发现两组：PR 组和潜在的非恢复组。分析了城市声景的客观特征——声学和视觉特征以及移动物体的特征。参与者提供了他们关于声源识别、感知情感质量和整体质量的主观反应。使用气质和性格量表-修订版-简短版和生活满意度量表来分析参与者的个体特征。在此基础上，开发了一个模型来预测是否满足 PR 标准，准确率为 82.6%（特异性 85.9%，敏感性 71.8%）。确定对城市声景的整体偏好水平是满足 PR 标准的重要因素。尤其是城市空间的设计与规划，应以降低空间响度、提高回访率为目标，促进城市居民心理健康的恢复。此外，对于个人而言，与先天气质相比，基于后天经验的特质对城市音景的公关效果影响更大。