The Danish physicist Niels Bohr is best known for two major achievements: first, his model of the quantum atom, published in 1913, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1922; and second, the “Copenhagen interpretation” of quantum mechanics developed together with colleagues at his institute in the latter half of the twenties. Having turned his institute toward nuclear physics, making it a pioneer institution in this emerging field, Bohr escaped from Nazi‐occupied Denmark in 1943. Learning in England about the advanced state of the secret project to develop an atomic bomb, which Bohr had so far considered impracticable in a foreseeable future, he agreed to join the project. Bohr decided instantly that the prospect of such a weapon of mass destruction would require what he came to call an “open world” among nations, and he worked conscientiously toward this end until he died in 1962. In the process, statesmen, including Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt, as well as diplomats from several countries, came to encounter Bohr and his political mission. Although not as successful as his scientific achievements, his mission was considered by Bohr himself as equally important. Yet it constitutes a hitherto relatively neglected part of Bohr's career.1

中文翻译：

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尼尔斯·玻尔在第二次世界大战期间和之后的外交使团

丹麦物理学家尼尔斯·玻尔 (Niels Bohr) 以两项重大成就而闻名：第一，他的量子原子模型，发表于 1913 年，并因此于 1922 年获得诺贝尔奖；其次，量子力学的“哥本哈根解释”是在二十年代后半期与他所在研究所的同事一起发展起来的。将他的研究所转向核物理，使其成为这一新兴领域的先驱机构后，玻尔于 1943 年逃离纳粹占领的丹麦。 在英国了解开发原子弹的秘密项目的先进状态，玻尔迄今为止认为在可预见的未来不切实际，他同意加入该项目。玻尔立即决定，这种大规模杀伤性武器的前景需要他所谓的国家之间的“开放世界”，他为此认真工作，直到他于 1962 年去世。在此过程中，包括温斯顿·丘吉尔和富兰克林·D·罗斯福在内的政治家以及来自多个国家的外交官前来会见玻尔和他的政治使命。尽管不如他的科学成就那么成功，但玻尔本人认为他的使命同样重要。然而，它构成了玻尔职业生涯中迄今为止相对被忽视的一部分。 1