A fundamental question in evolutionary biology is how microevolutionary processes translate into species diversification. Cophylogeny provides an appropriate framework to address this for symbiotic associations, but historically has been primarily limited to unveiling patterns. We argue that it is essential to integrate advances from ecology and evolutionary biology into cophylogeny, to gain greater mechanistic insights and transform cophylogeny into a platform to advance understanding of interspecific interactions and diversification more widely. We discuss key directions, such as incorporating trait reconstruction and considering multiple scales of network organization, and highlight recent developments for implementation. A new quantitative framework is proposed to allow integration of relevant information, such as quantitative traits and assessment of the contribution of individual mechanisms to cophylogenetic patterns.

进化生物学中的一个基本问题是微进化过程如何转化为物种多样化。Cophylogeny 为共生关联提供了一个适当的框架来解决这个问题，但历史上主要限于揭示模式。我们认为，必须将生态学和进化生物学的进步整合到系统发育中，以获得更深入的机制见解并将系统发育转变为一个平台，以更广泛地促进对种间相互作用和多样化的理解。我们讨论了关键方向，例如结合特征重建和考虑网络组织的多个尺度，并强调最近的实施进展。提出了一个新的量化框架，以整合相关信息，