Measuring the extent and direction of the movement of people across space is key to understanding spatial gaps and processes of structural transformation. A range of sources from census data, survey data, to administrative data and newer types of data such as mobile phone data have been used to examine such patterns. This paper investigates how different types of data are used to measure migration and mobility, and how complementary data determine which research questions they can answer. I discuss measurement concerns related to these different types of data, definitions of migration rates used in the literature, selection concerns and other survey design considerations. I conclude by highlighting gaps in the measurement of migration.

测量人员跨空间移动的范围和方向是理解空间差距和结构转型过程的关键。从人口普查数据、调查数据到行政数据和移动电话数据等较新类型的数据等一系列来源已被用于检查此类模式。本文研究了如何使用不同类型的数据来衡量迁移和流动性，以及补充数据如何确定它们可以回答哪些研究问题。我讨论了与这些不同类型数据相关的测量问题、文献中使用的迁移率定义、选择问题和其他调查设计考虑因素。最后，我强调了衡量移民的差距。