This paper proposes a time-varying failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method based on interval-valued spherical fuzzy theory, which not only improves the limitations in evaluating, weighting, and ranking but also considers the effect of time change. The process of distinguishing time changes enables the FMEA to have dynamic recognition capability, enabling it to identify critical failure modes more accurately. The interval-valued spherical fuzzy theory is used to deal with the uncertainty of intuitionistic linguistic evaluations. The advantages of two traditional approaches are combined to improve the weight determined method. Risk factors are divided into subjective and objective types. In the subjective risk factors, which are severity (S) and detection (D), the consistency of judgment is used as the acceptance standard. In the objective risk factors, which are occurrence (O), the time-varying characteristics are considered. The occurrence in a certain period is expressed as the integral of failure intensity in the time period. Interval-valued spherical fuzzy exponential risk priority number is proposed as the criterion for measuring the priority of failure modes. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using an example of spindle.

中文翻译：

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基于区间值球面模糊理论的时变FMEA方法

本文提出了一种基于区间值球面模糊理论的时变失效模式和影响分析（FMEA）方法，该方法不仅改善了评估、加权和排序方面的局限性，而且还考虑了时间变化的影响。区分时间变化的过程使 FMEA 具有动态识别能力，使其能够更准确地识别关键故障模式。区间值球形模糊理论用于处理直觉语言评估的不确定性。结合两种传统方法的优点来改进权重确定方法。风险因素分为主观类型和客观类型。在主观危险因素严重度（S）和检测度（D）中，以判断的一致性作为验收标准。在客观风险因素，即发生率（O）中，考虑了时变特征。一定时期内发生的次数表示为该时期内失效强度的积分。提出了区间值球面模糊指数风险优先级数作为衡量失效模式优先级的标准。以主轴为例验证了所提方法的有效性。