Background Intention is theorized as the proximal determinant of behavior in many leading theories and yet intention–behavior discordance is prevalent. Purpose To theme and appraise the variables that have been evaluated as potential moderators of the intention–physical activity (I-PA) relationship using the capability–opportunity–motivation– behavior model as an organizational frame. Methods Literature searches were concluded in August 2020 using seven common databases. Eligible studies were selected from English language peer-reviewed journals and had to report an empirical test of moderation of I-PA with a third variable. Findings were grouped by the moderator variable for the main analysis, and population sample, study design, type of PA, and study quality were explored in subanalyses. Results The search yielded 1,197 hits, which was reduced to 129 independent studies (138 independent samples) of primarily moderate quality after screening for eligibility criteria. Moderators of the I-PA relationship were present among select variables within sociodemographic (employment status) and personality (conscientiousness) categories. Physical capability, and social and environmental opportunity did not show evidence of interacting with I-PA relations, while psychological capability had inconclusive findings. By contrast, key factors underlying reflective (intention stability, intention commitment, low goal conflict, affective attitude, anticipated regret, perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy) and automatic (identity) motivation were moderators of I-PA relations. Findings were generally invariant to study characteristics. Conclusions Traditional intention theories may need to better account for key I-PA moderators. Action control theories that include these moderators may identify individuals at risk for not realizing their PA intentions. Prospero # CRD42020142629.

中文翻译：

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什么可以预测体育活动的意图-行为差距？系统评价

背景 在许多主要理论中，意图被理论化为行为的近端决定因素，但意图-行为不一致是普遍存在的。目的 使用能力 - 机会 - 动机 - 行为模型作为组织框架，对已被评估为意图 - 身体活动 (I-PA) 关系的潜在调节因素的变量进行主题化和评估。方法 文献检索于 2020 年 8 月使用七个常用数据库完成。符合条件的研究选自英语同行评审期刊，并且必须报告使用第三个变量对 I-PA 适度的经验测试。调查结果按主要分析的调节变量进行分组，并在子分析中探讨人口样本、研究设计、PA 类型和研究质量。结果 搜索产生了 1,197 次点击，在筛选了资格标准后，这减少到 129 项主要质量中等的独立研究（138 个独立样本）。I-PA 关系的调节者存在于社会人口学（就业状况）和人格（责任心）类别中的选定变量中。身体能力、社会和环境机会没有显示出与 I-PA 关系相互作用的证据，而心理能力有不确定的发现。相比之下，反思的关键因素（意图稳定性、意图承诺、低目标冲突、情感态度、预期后悔、感知行为控制/自我效能）和自动（身份）动机是 I-PA 关系的调节因素。研究结果通常与研究特征无关。结论 传统意图理论可能需要更好地解释关键的 I-PA 调节器。包括这些调节者的行动控制理论可能会识别出有风险的个人，因为他们没有意识到他们的 PA 意图。普洛斯彼罗#CRD42020142629。