Do corporations have human rights? This article addresses, to date, a rather understudied issue of the corporations and human rights debate: whether and to what extent corporations can be bearers of human rights, with a focus on the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) jurisprudence. In a nutshell, it argues that what subsequently will be called ‘the individualistic approach’ – that is, purporting that the corporate form itself cannot be bearer of human rights – counter-intuitively leads to almost unfettered human rights entitlements of corporations. Thereby, this article provides a critique of both established corporate law thinking as well as the dominant view in human rights scholarship. Instead, it is submitted that taking the corporate form seriously and granting it some entitlements to some extent under a functionalist theory emerges as the preferable approach – theoretically, doctrinally and practically. The article draws on ECtHR jurisprudence, general legal as well as corporate law theory and comparative constitutional law in order to corroborate its argument.

中文翻译：

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企业人权？

企业有人权吗？迄今为止，本文讨论了公司与人权辩论中一个未被充分研究的问题：公司是否以及在何种程度上可以成为人权的承担者，重点关注《欧洲人权公约》和欧洲人权法院（欧洲人权法院）的判例。简而言之，它认为随后将被称为“个人主义方法”——即声称公司形式本身不能成为人权的承载者——违反直觉导致公司几乎不受约束的人权权利。因此，本文对既定的公司法思想以及人权学术中的主流观点进行了批判。反而，有人提出，在功能主义理论下，认真对待公司形式并在一定程度上赋予它一些权利，这是一种更可取的方法——理论上、理论和实践上。本文借鉴了欧洲人权法院的判例、一般法律以及公司法理论和比较宪法，以证实其论点。